Where to invest a million rubles with minimal risks and maximum income

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Anton Subbotin

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• I want to invest a million - where to start?
• Save: invest a million in a reliable bank
• Deposits
• Unallocated metal accounts
• Increase: real estate, securities or business
• Real estate
• Stock
• Offline business
• Online project
• How to lose a million

Financial stability is a matter of concern for every person who thinks about the future. To start investing, it is not necessary to have tens of millions of dollars in your account; you can start with 100–200 thousand rubles. But what if there is more free money?

Today we will tell you where to invest a million rubles to earn money in 2020, and also describe strategies for preserving and increasing capital.

I want to invest a million - where to start?

To invest safely, you must first take care of creating a “foreign exchange” reserve sufficient to meet your immediate needs for the next 3-4 months, six months or a year. If there is one, then you can proceed to drawing up an investment plan. For a million rubles you can buy many promising assets, but avoid rash decisions. It is better to make a list of profitable areas, select a few and form an investment “portfolio”.

Income depends on several factors, on average they fluctuate between 5 and 15%. Keep in mind that you can't forget about paying taxes, inflation and macroeconomics. Starting a financial business with a million rubles is more profitable than starting with smaller amounts. For example, if investments bring 10% per year, then this is 100,000 rubles. "dirty". The smaller the investment amount, the lower the income.

First you need to determine your investment goal. When the task is to quickly get high profits, then aggressive financial instruments will come to the rescue, which involve high risks, but in some cases bring large dividends: 50–100% of the investment amount. Such profitability cannot be provided by conservative directions or sources with moderate risk. Safe transactions are characterized by low profitability and low risk of loss when investing funds.

A novice investor who wants to make two out of a million rubles must understand that there are two ways: safe (conservative) and dangerous (aggressive). The issue of choice should be considered not only from the perspective of quick enrichment, but also taking into account potential risks. It is necessary to pay attention to the diversification of investments, that is, divide capital into several sources, for example, invest part of the money in an offline project and the other in an Internet startup.

Investment rules:

• The relationship between risk and potential profit. In all financial transactions, the share of expected income must exceed the amount of lost investment.
• It is necessary to study the theory of financing associated with the investment method and all the pitfalls. You can’t blindly invest in the first startup you come across and naively expect 100% profit.
• The investment should use “free” money that is not tied to other purposes. You should not invest the last 100 thousand if you have no other savings.
• All decisions related to financial transactions should be made only on the basis of informed decisions. In business, you can’t trust anyone’s word, even if a close friend talks about the “reinforced concrete option.”
• If you need a win-win option where to invest 1 million rubles to earn money, then you need to spend money on the recommendations of professional experts. For example, when purchasing real estate abroad, you will definitely need the help of appraisers, experienced realtors and lawyers.
• It is necessary to determine the period of “circulation” of funds. Investing can be short-term or long-term. In the first case, you can make a profit in a few months, in the second, in a year or two.
• When investments need to be constantly monitored (for example, an online project), then try to choose an interesting option.

For convenience and clarity, it is necessary to draw up a financial plan. You can use one of the templates in Excel or take our version as a basis.

You can also add columns to the table for an expanded view. For example, you will need an expense column to understand how much net profit a particular asset brings. With 2 million rubles of “dirty” income, a significant part can go to cover various “items”: taxes, company operating expenses, commissions, account maintenance fees, etc.

It is worth considering that it is quite difficult to calculate all the risks in advance. For example, a deposit in dollars in Russia is beneficial if the foreign currency exchange rate increases. Invested 10 thousand dollars or 647,000 rubles. at the current rate, instead of 7.5% profit, they may bring a loss if at the time of closing the deposit the currency exchange rate falls. But if you do not invest your free funds, but store them under a “cushion,” they will depreciate over time due to inflation. The cost of goods and services increases periodically, and 1 million will still be a million in 3-5 years if the money is not put into circulation.

Investment rules

The basic rules of smart investing include:

1. Risk diversification is a principle used in investing to reduce possible risks. It consists of dispersing money or other assets between financial instruments that are not interrelated with each other.
2. Using only your “working capital”. Working capital is money or other financial assets that are contained in a financial instrument and generate income. It is then distributed according to priority areas for the investor. The main idea behind using "working capital" is to not risk all the money an investor has. It acts as a working tool, the loss of which should not lead the investor to bankruptcy.
3. Reinvestment is a mechanism that helps speed up the process of capital accumulation. The principle of its operation is to constantly invest the income received in financial instruments.
4. Don't look for 100% reliability. Conducting investment activities involves risk even when choosing the most reliable instruments. A 100% protection mechanism has not yet been created. One of the most effective ways to protect your investments is diversification. The higher its level, the less part of the working capital the investor risks (up to a certain limit).
5. You need to spend less than you make profit. This principle describes the basic rule of capital accumulation. By fulfilling this requirement, the investor has the opportunity to create a “financial cushion” (money for unforeseen circumstances) and “working capital” - and ultimately achieve passive income and gain financial independence.

The rules described above are the basic principles necessary for effective investing.

Video about what investing is. Tips for beginners:

Save: invest a million in a reliable bank

As soon as people have free money and they look at investment instruments, the first thing that comes to mind is financial institutions, which for some act as a guarantor of security. Investing 1 million rubles in a bank is a good idea for conservatives who are not used to taking risks and want to steadily increase their capital.

Customer deposits are insured in accordance with legal regulations, so pay special attention to this point when signing the contract. If the Central Bank of the Russian Federation revokes the bank’s license, then after some time depositors will be able to get their money back. But it is still better to place deposits in the accounts of reliable institutions that have been working in the financial sector for decades. You should not trust the tempting offers of organizations offering to open deposits with an accrual of 15–20% per annum. The average rate on deposits in the financial services market fluctuates within 5%.

You can invest 1,000,000 rubles in gold bars or open an impersonal metal account (OMS). It is unprofitable to buy physical gold due to VAT and bank commissions; compulsory medical insurance is a more attractive option.

Deposits

There are many lucrative offers that financial institutions use to attract customers. Investments in bank deposits are considered one of the safest, and if you add insurance to this, then the prospects for guaranteed income increase significantly.

The interest rate on the deposit depends on:

• placement period;
• sums;
• terms of the contract.

The client has the right to choose any bank for deposit in order to invest a million rubles and make a profit. If you manage to find an offer with a rate higher than 13%, you will need to pay income tax.

Many banks offer optimal conditions for deposits. But when choosing an institution, you need to study reviews, terms of the contract, and check the credit rating.

There are several main types of deposits:

1. Urgent and on demand. In the first case, interest is paid only after the agreed period. In the second, the money is returned upon request, but the interest rate is lower.
2. With or without replenishment. It is possible to add money to the account, the size of the deposit will grow, and with it dividends.
3. Ruble and currency. Deposits in foreign currency have a low interest rate, ranging from 1–2%.

Many banks offer to pay dividends monthly. You can activate the option to capitalize interest to receive additional profit. In this situation, dividends will not be received on the card every month; you will be able to receive the entire amount after the expiration date. For example, if you deposit 1,500,000 rubles in Sberbank for 12 months without replenishment, but with interest capitalization, then in a year the bank will pay 95 thousand on top.

The profitability is not that great, but if you trust 1.5 million rubles. to a dubious bank that has recently opened and offers 10–15% per year, then the risk of losing all investments is much higher.

Unallocated metal accounts

Investments in metals in 2020 remain one of the most promising areas. Buying bullion requires you to pay VAT, rent a safe deposit box at a bank, or equip a secure storage facility at home. When the rate reaches a certain threshold, you can sell the precious metal to the bank, but it will charge a commission for cashing out (depending on the condition of the bullion) and the spread.

Anonymized metal accounts (UMA) are a bank deposit in virtual metal. The return on an asset is tied to the cost of a specific precious metal. For example, if you open an account in platinum, the profit on it will depend on the Central Bank quotes.

Sberbank has one of the most advantageous offers for compulsory medical insurance: free opening and closing of an account at any time, no commission.

Investing 3-4 million rubles in one metal is not the right decision. It is better to distribute this amount over several “currencies”. Over the past 5 years, gold and palladium have been growing steadily, but silver and platinum are not suitable for large investments.

As for quotes, Alfa Bank has a more attractive rate, but it does not work with physical metals.

Of the minuses:

• Compulsory medical insurance does not fall under the insurance law.
• If the “metal” has been in the account for less than 3 years and has brought dividends, then you must pay 13% personal income tax.

Investing in banking products is a reliable and conservative way to earn passive income. If you concentrate only on this tool, then you need to wisely distribute funds in several directions. For example, put part of the money on compulsory medical insurance, open foreign currency and ruble deposits.

Each investor must independently develop his own strategy, but the best option is considered to be diversification of risks, that is, distribution of the investment “portfolio” over several assets.

Example of a strategy for 3,000,000 rubles:

1. Foreign currency deposit - 400,000 rubles ($6,100). Assuming a return of 2.5% per annum, the total profit will be equal to $152.
2. Ruble deposit - 2,000,000 rubles. With a yield of 8% per annum, the total profit will be 160 thousand.
3. Compulsory medical insurance - 600,000 rubles. Profit depends on the exchange rate of precious metals.

If conservative investments are not attractive due to small profits, then you should pay attention to riskier, but highly profitable options. We will briefly look at each of them.

Where is it profitable to invest 1 million rubles?

For those who want to earn 50-100% per annum and are willing to spend enough time on it and learn something new, an aggressive portfolio is suitable where to invest a million rubles. Please note that in this case, the loss of funds due to negligence and lack of control can reach 80%.

Recommended reading: My conclusions about investments

Example of an aggressive portfolio

In any investment, even the most aggressive, you need to leave some of your money protected. This time the defense will be:

• 200,000 rub. – purchasing securities through an investment account.

At the same time, we buy shares with high dividends by 50%, waiting until their price decreases and reaches the support line. To do this, you will have to familiarize yourself with the basics of technical analysis of stocks. We use the remaining 50% to purchase undervalued growth stocks that are in an uptrend. It is convenient to do this using indicators:

• trend indicators,
• how to trade stocks

Trading shares on an individual investment account is a risky option that threatens to lose part of your investment, because... requires special knowledge in the field of trading. At the same time, the earning potential here is practically unlimited and can reach 50-100% per annum.

• 200,000 rub. – we invest in foreign securities.

The bulk of 60-70% is in American and European shares with large capitalization and dividends, the remaining 30-40% is in inexpensive shares of Asian countries (China, Taiwan, North Korea). It is better to focus on information technology.

We make sure to choose different brokers for individual investment accounts and foreign shares to reduce risks.

• 100,000 rubles each. We allocate for the purchase of cryptocurrency and PAMM investment.

At the same time, to increase profits, we select managers with high profitability indicators and enter after a drawdown. At this time, the trader is maximally concentrated and interested in showing maximum profitability. To reduce risks, choose more managers (at least 5-7) and invest minimal amounts.

• 200,000 rub. – to RAMM accounts.

For an aggressive portfolio, increase risks to 7-9% per week. But at the same time, you need to monitor profits and losses on each account on a weekly basis and promptly change managers. There is no need to increase the number of accounts; 5-7 traders will be enough. Pay attention to trading instruments; it is not recommended to keep more than 50% of accounts in your portfolio that trade the same currency pairs. This increases the risk of a significant loss in the event of unexpected negative news.

• 200,000 rub. – business or education.

If you have enough time, then it’s stupid to waste it worrying over the numbers in the broker’s terminal. Get involved in training, and if you have enough knowledge and are confident in your abilities, open a business. The profitability of a successful business can be 1000-10000% per annum.

• Business or investment – ​​what to choose

Speaking about opening a new business, I note that the food sector, delivery of groceries and ready-made food, as well as pharmaceutical goods, antiseptics and disinfection of premises are very relevant under quarantine conditions.

• Business ideas in crisis 2020
• Business ideas from scratch without investment

Due to recent events, online business is becoming more popular than ever. If you still don’t know where to start, I recommend taking training in one of the following areas:

• Social networks (SMM specialist).

Nowadays, they have become a full-fledged resource for promoting goods, services or a personal brand. Today, a social media account is becoming the calling card of a person or company. To promote social networks, you need to decide on positioning, fill them with content and attract an audience.

• Website promotion (SEO specialist) or its creation.

Having a website is mandatory for every serious company or specialist. A website can become both an additional way to attract customers and the main source of income if it is a completely online business.

• integrated marketing,
• designers,
• programmers and developers.

Any of these specialties, once mastered, can become a full-fledged profitable business with high margins. As a last resort, you can find a high-paying remote job that will allow you to work from anywhere in the world.

The final example of an aggressive investment portfolio is collected in the table “Where to invest a million rubles profitably.”

I deliberately did not make a calculation based on the maximum possible profitability, because... in real life, one week can be super profitable, and the next - unprofitable. But it is important to keep your emotions under control and be able to analyze the numbers at the end of the month and after that optimize your portfolio .

Increase: real estate, securities or business

To profitably invest 2 million rubles and make a profit, you can use instruments with moderate risk that can bring above 7% per annum. These areas include real estate, securities, online and offline business, etc.

Real estate

Purchasing real estate with subsequent resale or rental is a promising area for investment. The approximate payback period is 5–10 years, it all depends on the object, infrastructure, tariffs for housing and communal services, terms of lease or sale.

You can calculate the payback using a clear example from the table below. Data on prices and costs of utility services are taken from open sources.

If we take the upper limit of the cost of utilities and rent as a basis for calculations, it turns out that an apartment in St. Petersburg will generate about 600 thousand net income per year. In Moscow it is similar, due to the high cost of utilities. This is about 8.5% per annum. If you rent out real estate on a daily basis, the payback period will be significantly reduced, but you need to ensure an uninterrupted flow of customers.

Investing 5 million rubles in real estate abroad simply won’t work, since the cost per square meter in promising countries significantly exceeds the figures for Russia. On the other hand, in some countries, along with financial investments, you can obtain a residence permit and citizenship through an accelerated procedure. Among them: Greece, Cyprus, Malta, Spain.

Conditions for receiving benefits:

• 250 thousand € (16 million rubles) - Greece. For this money you can buy a beautiful townhouse or apartment of 110–150 sq. m. m.
• 2 million € (146 million rubles) - Cyprus. The investor will receive a villa or apartment of 240–500 sq. m. m.
• 1.15 million euros (84 million rubles): 350 thousand for real estate + 650 thousand - mandatory contribution + 115 thousand for the purchase of securities - Malta. The amount will allow you to own a small house or penthouse.
• 500 thousand euros (36 million rubles) - Spain. In exchange for money, the investor will draw up documents for a villa or apartment of 100–300 sq. m. m.

Wealthy people can easily invest a million euros in purchasing luxury real estate, and as a bonus receive EU citizenship.

Stock

Purchasing shares will create passive income, but only if all securities increase in price. Even such “giants” as Apple cannot guarantee a constant upward movement, but if you “put” shares of several “blue chips” (reliable corporations) into your investment portfolio, then the chances of making a profit are quite high. Stable partners include: Gazprom, Rostelecom, Sberbank, Boeing, Apple, Alibaba, Amazon , etc.

You can buy shares through the Tinkoff Investments service. There are convenient applications for mobile devices. The cost of monthly tariffs is from 100 rubles to 3 thousand. For each transaction, the platform takes from 0.3% to 2% (depending on the tariff and type of asset).

Buy shares

To invest in stocks, you need to monitor economic news and price dynamics. Some beginners prefer to invest 1,000,000 rubles in shares of 1-2 well-known companies, but this is the wrong approach. Even “tough nuts” can become covered with “cracks”. In the history of Apple, Boeing and other giants there were also periods with negative dynamics.

Offline business

To start a business, you don’t have to have hundreds of thousands of dollars in your pocket; it all depends on the scale and choice of niche. For example, to open a copying and printing point you will need about 100–200 thousand (depending on the city, rental conditions, etc.) For more established startups you will need a larger amount. You need to not just invest 10,000,000 rubles in a promising premises, but analyze the competition in the industry, highlight the key advantages of competitors and try to defeat them in your own “field”.

A well-structured business without competitors can get a good boost. In this case, it is important to concentrate on the right direction. For example, if you open a popcorn production, you will have to compete with other companies and offer better conditions. But an esports camp for teenagers can turn into a profitable project, but only in the summer. To search for promising destinations, use the catalog with filters. It contains many interesting proposals and approximate statistics of investments, investments and payback.

For those who do not like to develop projects from scratch, there is another option - a franchise. In simple terms, an investor can buy the right to open a branch of Domino's pizza. For the money invested, the businessman will receive a well-promoted brand, loyal customers and other benefits. As in any business, it's not that simple. It is necessary to carefully read the terms of the “lease” agreement and rely on franchises of reputable and reliable companies. There are many examples when novice investors purchase a ready-made business for several million, and the “carriage” quickly turns into a pumpkin. To search for options, an aggregator is suitable, where there is all the necessary information.

Online project

A profitable startup on the Internet attracts many aspiring businessmen due to the low entry threshold and huge audience. The path to success looks something like this: choosing an idea - creating a product - attracting customers. You can look for inspiration in the stories of such “monsters” as Facebook, Amazon, WhatsApp, Instagram, VKontakte , etc. The main thing is to give the user a solution to the problem, or as SMM specialists say: “Cure the pain.”

Ideas for a project are readily available online. For example, you can create a local car service aggregator that will provide more information about workshops in the region. Due to this plus and good behavioral factors, it can gain an advantage with search engines. People trust local sources more than those that cover all of Russia.

If you have no ideas, then you can buy a ready-made startup on Telderi or Flippa. Foreign services make it possible to buy an established business, but you will have to tinker with payment via PayPal. On Telderi, for several million rubles you can buy, for example, an auto website with a monthly income of 118,000 rubles. or a portal about heating with earnings of 100 thousand. In the first case, the payback period is 30 months, in the second - 26.

Of course, you can invest 10 million rubles in creating a competitor to VKontakte, but the chances that such a project will become successful are scanty. The niche is already occupied, and people will not want to move from their “familiar” place to an unfamiliar space.

Investments in real estate

Traditionally, the majority of the population considers investing in real estate (purchasing apartments) to be the best way to save money. But this is not without risks. Firstly, you can’t buy an apartment in Moscow for a million. A much larger amount of money will be required for acquisition, repairs and furnishings. Secondly, there is a danger of falling for an unscrupulous developer and joining the ranks of defrauded shareholders. Thirdly, it is also not easy to find adequate and decent tenants.

The real return on rental housing is from 6% to 7%, which is not much more than the interest on the deposit.

In addition, the apartment has low liquidity. It cannot be quickly sold and cash received. The process of implementing and finalizing a transaction usually takes several months. In this case, you will have to pay for notary and legal services.

Among the advantages of investing in real estate are protection from inflation (housing prices usually only rise), rental yield, simplicity and transparency of the investment scheme. The disadvantages include high real estate prices and relatively small rental profits.

We invest correctly without risks

To ensure that investing 500 thousand rubles does not turn into financial ruin, follow simple tips for the safety of your deposits:

Investment without risks

1. Never invest money in projects that are based on the principle of a financial pyramid.
2. Do not trust investing money to private individuals. The exception is investment experts who provide professional services for a fee and issue a document confirming the transfer of funds. In this case, your money will be managed exclusively by professional specialists working in a team and using modern software and technical resources in their activities.
3. Do not invest in projects that are contrary to morality or law.
4. Make a decision to invest money based on a comprehensive analysis of many factors and risks. If you do not have knowledge in the field of finance, then it is better to give preference to those investment methods in which the risk is minimized (investing in gold, deposit).
5. Follow the principle of diversification and do not invest all your money in one project. The only exception is business development, but in this case there must be a clear business plan.
6. Get help from experts. It is better to give part of your income to a professional consultant than to suffer a serious loss of income.
7. Work only with companies that provide transaction documents.

Investments in PAMM accounts

You can give half a million rubles to experienced traders to multiply. At the same time, the investor can track all movements of his funds, so the investment scheme in a PAMM account is transparent.

What are the advantages of this investment method:

• Quick access to your deposit , you can withdraw funds at any time.
• The ability to distribute half a million across several PAMM accounts with varying degrees of risk to ensure diversification.
• High profitability of investments - up to 350% per year (with an aggressive method).

An investment of 500,000 rubles in such an instrument can bring substantial profits if you are not afraid of risks.

Startups (venture investments)

Recently, there has been a trend of investing money in startups. Those who follow the successes of well-known Western companies probably know that many of them started practically from scratch.

A startup is, as a rule, a new company that creates its activities on the basis of innovative ideas or new technologies that have not yet been put into mass use.

Startup

The prospect of investing money in a good project that will bring in millions in a year is quite tempting, but how can you avoid incurring losses in this case?

There are several options for developing this investment method:

• Concluding an agreement with a small company that is just starting its activities and which urgently needs to attract assets for expansion. Essentially, you become a shareholder of the company, expecting dividends in the future.
• Investing through a crowdinvesting platform. This method refers to the principle of investment diversification, when you divide the entire amount of money into several parts and invest in different projects. This is the best option for beginners who do not yet have a feel for this market and want to minimize financial risks. There is also a significant drawback. Russian legislation does not stipulate the activities of crowdinvesting platforms, so difficulties may arise from a legal point of view between all project participants.
• Investing in a project from scratch. I call this option “business angels”. The investor takes a lot of risk when investing in a “cold project”, so it is very important to understand the business strategy of such an investment.
• Venture funds. This is investing your money in a fund in which the assets are managed by professional investors. For this investment option, you do not need to have serious knowledge, and there is the possibility of receiving passive income.

  

  Venture funds

The main indicator of the success of a startup is the willingness of investors to invest their money in it. Such a project is not always based on pure commerce. It can be informational, humanitarian, scientific, but in any case – promising.

Pros of investing:

• Convenient and simple investment procedure.
• Low entry threshold.
• Opportunity to make big profits.

Minuses:

• High risks with passive investing.

We refuse to buy real estate and cars

Surely, for many people who have half a million rubles at their disposal, their first thought will be to invest in real estate or cars. However, this will be a big mistake, which will freeze your money and reduce your chances of making a potential profit.

It is important to understand here that “benefit” means receiving additional income, preferably passive.

Buying a property

Passive income is a monthly receipt of money that does not depend on your efforts. This could be income from deposit interest, rental housing, dividends on shares, etc. This is an ideal way to make a profit.

When purchasing real estate, it is difficult to expect to make a big profit. Unless, of course, we are talking about further renting it out. But for this, the amount of half a million rubles is not enough to purchase an apartment or house that can really generate passive income or increase in price over time.

The situation with the car is even worse. If in the case of real estate, you can expect an increase in market prices in subsequent years and potentially expect to sell it at a higher price, then the car will only lose its value over time.

Successful investing

When purchasing a car for work and providing transport services, there is a high probability of not making a profit. At the same time, the profitability of the car from its operation will decrease every year.

Therefore, we will not consider these options for profitable investment of the indicated amount.

Peter Fitzgerald

Chief Investment Officer, Multi-Asset Strategies, Aviva Investors Global Services Ltd.

Gold is always popular during a crisis. There's something comforting about knowing your money is securely invested in a metal that has remained valuable for thousands of years and is uncorrelated with the broader equity markets. With central banks printing so much money and flooding economies with liquidity to cushion the impact of the pandemic, gold is an excellent hedge against depreciating currencies, including the US dollar.

The problem with gold is how to find a reliable way to value it. There is no cash flow, no profit, no fundamental data to analyze. There is no dividend-type income paid out, which is another problem. Gold is an investor's Disneyland, a magical kingdom that you have to believe in to enjoy.

However, despite all the unknowns, gold does perform well over the long term. Over the past five years, the metal has returned 11% annually, compared to the S&P 500's 11.5%, so you get profits as well as peace of mind. Exchange-traded funds make it easy and affordable to invest in this commodity. Investors should stay away from ETFs that are not backed by the physical metal itself. You need additional confidence that there are bars in the vault that support the fund's price.

Another way to invest: If you're looking for a decorrelated asset that is a safe haven, consider agriculture. Cities will continue to prosper in the long term, but they could struggle in the next few years if we don't get a Covid-19 vaccine. Farmland suggests having a place you can return to if things get tough. It's also an investment that could rise if central banks continue to pump in cash to help the global economy, which could trigger asset inflation.

To purchase a franchise

I offer three options costing up to 500,000 rubles, which were included in the TOP 20 most profitable franchises of 2020 according to Forbes magazine. A franchise is the most obvious answer to the question: “If you have 500,000 rubles, how can you quickly get promoted?”

Internet hypermarket "Sletat.ru" (second place in the ranking)

Since 2010, it has been providing travel companies with its platform on the Internet for posting offers. The essence of the service: instant selection of tours anywhere in the world.

Sletat.ru began building its franchise network in 2014. Today it has 377 franchise points throughout Russia: from Khabarovsk to Kaliningrad. Over the course of a year, each agency sells travel packages worth almost 30 million rubles.

The starting investment in the Sletat.ru franchise is 200,000 rubles. The annual profit is estimated at 1.4 million rubles.

A store selling steel and ceramic Japanese knives Samura (fifth place in the ranking)

Alexey Yakovlev created in 2010. He decided to promote custom-made knives in the middle price segment. The target audience is amateur cooks.

Alexey actively uses TV advertising to promote his products. For example, his knives are used by the hosts of such popular culinary shows as “Smak” and “Eating at Home.” Franchisees can sell knives from Samura with a markup of 100% or more.

The starting investment in the Samura franchise is 500,000 rubles. The annual profit is estimated at 2.5 million rubles.

Transportation of goods, cargo and business correspondence SDEK (sixth place in the ranking)

Initially, SDEK was conceived as a banal online store in Novosibirsk. But faced with serious delivery problems in Siberia, the company’s founders began to work closely on developing effective logistics.

Over time, the main sales faded into the background. And the direction of express delivery has gone far beyond the borders of Siberia and the Far East. Today SDEK sends cargo, goods and business correspondence throughout Russia and beyond.

In 2020, the number of SDEK franchise points increased by 40%. And according to the company’s founders, this is just the beginning.

The starting investment in the SDEK franchise is 350,000 rubles. The annual profit is estimated at 2.25 million rubles.

How to invest your savings so that they make a profit - TOP 5 “golden” rules of investing

Before deciding where to invest 200 thousand rubles or a larger amount, you need to improve your level of financial literacy. Otherwise, you will not be able to make a profit from your investment.

1. Clearly define your investment goal What do you want from an investment? Quickly increase capital by 1.5-2 times, protect savings from inflation or ensure a comfortable old age? Each financial goal has its own tools.
   

   Example. You can invest half a million rubles in your business to buy an apartment in 1-2 years. The second option is to divide the amount into several parts, and then purchase securities, precious metals and shares in a mutual fund. Then in 15-20 years you will have a good pension that does not depend on the state.

2. Don't put all your eggs in one basket Smart investors never invest in one direction. After all, in this case there is a risk of losing all your money. When deciding where to invest 500,000 rubles, it is better to distribute the funds into at least 2-3 areas. The larger the amount, the more diverse your investment portfolio should be.

   

3. Invest in areas that you are good at. This is the main rule of Warren Buffett, one of the richest people in the world. To make a profit, you need to understand the market in detail. For example, it is better for art historians to invest in collectible objects, for engineers - in technology companies, and for IT specialists - in cryptocurrency and IT startups.
4. Do not refuse the help of professionals Financial consultants, trustees, appraisers and other experienced market players know where to invest 300,000 rubles, five hundred and even a million. They usually offer clear and profitable instruments: shares, PAMM accounts, ETF funds. For beginners who want to earn a lot of money, it is better to start investing with these methods.
5. Constantly learn If you want to know in a month where to invest 300,000 rubles, start educating yourself right now. After reading this article, check out professional investing literature.
   

   Advice. To get started, we recommend reading books about the basics of investing: B. Graham “The Intelligent Investor”, V. Savenok “Create Your Personal Capital”. There is a large list of literature in the publication on investing for beginners.

Stan Young

Managing Director and Senior Client Advisor at Rockefeller Capital Management

Many people forget that the fixed income market is actually a huge mosaic of opportunities. It is by far the largest asset class. What the Federal Reserve is doing is aggressively buying fixed income securities and keeping yields low, but the Fed can't buy everything. They focus on investment grade securities and what they can buy in the liquid securities markets. There are still disruptions in private fixed income and this is where things get really interesting and there is unusual potential for return versus risk.

Some investors will be forced to sell due to various restrictions. These securities can include asset-backed bonds, real estate and structured debt, types of things that are not conventional investment securities but are related to more unusual investments held by hedge funds and REITs, family offices and people who deal with more esoteric things . These are private funds that not everyone has access to.

Categories of less liquid fixed income securities include corporate and consumer loans, real estate bridge loans, aircraft leasing and small business lending. There are securities backed by specific assets, such as bonds backed by a group of airplanes or a group of houses.

Another way to invest: I'm a numismatist. I enjoy this hobby because it puts me in touch with pieces of history. I have been interested in US coins for many years and have now divided my hobby into two categories: ancient and world coins. These coins, with similar dates and quality, cost significantly less than US coins.

Coins oxidize over time. In special cases this oxidation can be very colorful. We call this oxidative toning, and it can make a coin look like a painting. I specialize in these coins. Over the past 30 to 40 years, third-party appraisal services have come to dominate the market. This process essentially “protects” the coins and preserves their value. There are some coins that are worth $1 million or more, but anyone can buy great pieces for anywhere from $1,000 to $50,000.

Is it possible to make money in real estate?

Five hundred thousand rubles, obviously, will not be enough to buy a decent apartment, so it is advisable to invest this amount in land or non-residential premises. Recently, suburban areas located in close proximity to cities are beginning to be in serious demand among businessmen, which means you can make money by reselling a building plot.

Non-residential premises can be monetized in various ways:

• rent out;
• resell at a higher price;
• convert and sell as residential.

4 pluses.

Prospects for starting a small business

Opening your own business with a starting capital of 500,000 rubles is quite risky, but at the same time a promising area for investment. With this money it is difficult to organize a highly profitable enterprise, the profit from which will be enough to earn an apartment in a short time. But organizing their own workplace, allowing them to work for themselves and earn a stable income, is quite possible. Start-up capital of this size opens up the opportunity for the following endeavors:

1. Organization of a small retail outlet.
2. Atelier, or small wholesale clothing production.
3. Salon.
4. A company providing repair and maintenance services for household appliances.
5. Company for the preparation and sale of fast food.
6. Small car service and tire fitting.

You can list further, but in all such cases, earnings will depend only on the personal participation of the entrepreneur.

In 2020, prices for many types of equipment for small businesses (especially used) have decreased.

For quite affordable money you can buy industrial sewing machines, tools for a small car service, equipment for the production of outdoor advertising and printing, and so on.

The price of rent for the use of commercial premises is decreasing, and profitable rental offers are increasingly appearing in places that have a good prospect of quickly increasing the flow of customers.

Opening your own business in 2020 with a starting capital of 500,000 thousand is one of the most reliable and promising areas for investment.

Is it profitable to buy antiques and works of art?

Investing in antiques requires at least a basic understanding of the market niche. Obviously, in order to increase capital, you should profitably purchase a valuable piece of art with the hope that over time it will become more expensive. Investing in antiques, paintings and gold coins is a unique investment option that may not bring any income.

To succeed in selling antiques, you need to constantly study new offers on the markets and interact with professional appraisers or collectors.