Felling, sawing, cutting - the nuances of opening your own sawmill

Where it all started

Hello, my name is Olga Medvedeva, I am 53 years old. I live with two children in an ordinary village in the Kurgan region. I raised my children alone (now almost adults), the salary of a computer science teacher was constantly not enough for us, we had to look for ways to earn extra money.

Since I am a computer science teacher and a software engineer by training, there were quite a lot of one-time jobs related to computers and software and they greatly helped our family budget, but still there was not enough money.

Forest is my love

I have loved the forest since childhood. A simple walk in the forest is pure pleasure for me. While the children were very small, I left them with a friend and went into the forest to pick berries whenever the opportunity arose. When my son was 8 years old and my daughter was 5, the three of us started going into the forest. They picked berries for themselves. And eat it fresh, and make jam for the winter. They came home tired but happy. My children ate berries and played in the fresh air more than they picked them, but they still made their contribution to the common cause. And in winter they remembered that the jam was made from the berries that they picked.

Features of the organization of the production process

Do you only engage in felling and lumber? What additional services can you offer customers?

In 2020, we work exclusively on processing forests into lumber and moldings. We carry out the production of log houses of any completeness. Less often there are orders for the production of pallets to meet any technical conditions.

This is interesting: Law on deforestation

We also provide services for timber harvesting, its removal from plots, and transport timber and lumber throughout the central Black Earth Region.

Lumber in various stages of processing.

Bryansk is famous for its forests, and many entrepreneurs are drawn to the forestry sector. Competition is high, what advantages do you attract customers?

I don’t notice any competition, the demand market is vast and everything depends on the business contacts of a particular manufacturer. Of course, if a business is just developing, it takes time to make itself known and find regular customers, but those who have the desire and opportunity to join this area can always do so. In secret, we do not use the word “competitors”, but replace it with the word “neighbors”.

Our advantages are the quality of lumber according to GOST and, accordingly, their distribution by grade. is distinguished by a relatively large volume of processing (about 2000 m3 per month) and we are gradually trying to increase the volume more and more: we install new equipment, improve the qualifications of personnel and motivate with cash bonuses.

Do such orders happen when you come across a particularly demanding client? Are there any principles of interaction with the customer?

Each client is demanding in his own way, so we try to negotiate the terms at the very beginning so that there are no disagreements later. We interact with customers according to the principle: “The customer is always right.” It is especially important to value regular customers; if the client is satisfied with everything, he will contact you on a regular basis.

It happens that customers demand that a large volume be completed in a short time, then we have to work in two or even three shifts. We can easily produce non-standard sizes.

The forestry business is directly related to seasonality, tell us what you do in the winter?

The same as in the summer: we cut, process and deliver. We work all year round without seasonal changes for winter. Of course, demand drops somewhat with the onset of cold weather, so we reduce volumes. Sometimes you have to work in a warehouse, but every season is unpredictable; last winter we worked without any problems or warehouses. It’s hard to say what will happen this year, we’ll see.

The most important key to the success of a modern company is the presence of experienced specialists. What are the features of the company’s work in searching for valuable personnel?

I really like the phrase “personnel decide everything.” I prefer to select specialists through personnel rotation; strong and motivated workers work in the same team, weak ones with weak ones. Moreover, the latter gradually leave on their own, because work is based only on piecework wages, and everything depends on output. The amount of work a person has done is the salary he receives. Strong teams are rewarded with bonuses for working above plan, so that people have an incentive to work.

If I see that a person is promising, but he does not yet have enough skills, I send him to more “old” and experienced personnel, so he can gain new knowledge and become a valuable specialist. In principle, I can hire any person if I see that he is hardworking and has a lot of energy. How a newbie will prove himself in business is another question.

Do you do business planning yourself or do you have someone responsible for it? How much time do you devote to this?

If you want to do something well, do it yourself!? Usually 2-3 hours a week is enough for me to make a plan for the next week and sum up interim results.

By the way, I already wondered about finding an assistant. But here the problem of the other person’s professionalism and integrity arises; I must be one hundred percent confident in my assistant. But finding such a person is not easy, so now I do everything myself!

How is the division of labor carried out in an enterprise? What control method do you use as a leader?

Our division of labor is very clear: some teams work in the forest, others work at the sawmills, there are auxiliary workers for sorting and loading, there are drivers and mechanics, foremen and sharpeners. In general, everyone does their own thing! I use a piece-rate payment system. Many sawmill operators undergo advanced training courses from the manufacturer.

The control method is quite standard, there is a foreman at each sawmill, he monitors the processes in the workshop and is responsible for quality. There is the same foreman at logging sites, he controls the volume of plots and timing.

The first season of our berry business

When the children grew up, their demands also grew, and somehow my salary was in no hurry to please us with rapid growth. Therefore, we decided to try not only picking berries for ourselves, but also selling them.

Strawberries prepared for sale.

When we started trading berries, we went to the forest not far from our village and sold what we collected to local residents; we did not go to the market. The whole family collected about 10 liters of strawberries, or 20-30 liters of strawberries, per day. The berries were not sold very expensive compared to market prices:

• strawberries for 150-200 rubles per liter;
• strawberries for 250 rubles per 5-liter bucket, i.e. 50 rubles per liter.

Our costs were minimal, only for insect repellent. On average, we earned about 1,500 rubles in one day. The strawberry and strawberry season is short, about a month. It is not every day that you can pick berries; after rain, you should not do this until it dries out. We managed to go for berries 25 times in the first year. We earned more than 35,000 rubles.

Bucket of strawberries.

We bought clothes for school for the children and telephoned each one. The joy was incredible: they earned money for the phones themselves. We decided that next year we will go to the pine forest to pick berries by train. There you can start picking strawberries after June 20, and then blueberries will come up and until the end of July, or even in August, you will be able to earn money.

Business plan for opening a sawmill

Let's consider the economic justification for opening a small production of unedged boards with the main equipment - a band sawmill. For example, the indicators of the woodworking machine PT-03U Krona were used.

Initial data:

The organizational form of doing business is individual entrepreneur using the simplified tax system (6%);

Number of employees – 2 people. Payment is piecework, depending on output, at a rate of 250 rubles/m3 (sawyer) and 100 rubles/m3 (sawyer assistant);

Duration of work shift – 8 hours/day;

Number of shifts per month – 22.

Capital Investment

It is planned to purchase a band sawmill with a minimum configuration:

• PT-03U Krona – 170,000 rubles;
• sharpening device – 23,500 rubles;
• band saws – 10 pieces * 720 rubles = 7200 rubles;
• adjustable device - 15,000 rubles.

Total 215,700 rub.

To accommodate the equipment, it is planned to rent a plot of 30 acres with space for a warehouse for raw materials and finished products. Arrangement of a utility room and a shed for a sawmill will cost 55,000 rubles.

Total capital investments - 270,700 rubles.

Raw materials and material costs

Purchased round logs will be used as input raw materials. The cost of raw materials is 2100 rubles/m3.

The cost of electricity is 5 rubles/kW.

Productivity and profit

Productivity per shift – 7 m3 (cut material yield – 60%), Productivity per month – 7 m3 * 22 shifts – 154 m3.

The selling price of the finished board is 5,760 rubles/m3

Planned profit per month – 154 m3* 5,760 rub/m3 = 887,040 rub.

Salary and social contributions

Payroll – 154 m3 * 350 rubles = 53,900 rubles/month;

Payroll taxes (37.5%) – 20,212.50 rubles/month.

Planning monthly expenses and cost of 1 m3 of products

Rent of a plot – 30,000 rubles/month;

Loader rental – RUB 9,500/month;

Cost of raw materials at the input: 258 m3 * 2,100 rubles/m3 = 541,800 rubles/month;

Electricity consumption – 8 hours * 12 kW/h * 5 rubles * 22 workers/shifts = 10,560 rubles/month;

Transport costs – 20,500 rubles;

Income tax (USN) – 887,040 rubles * 6% = 53,222.40 rubles/month;

Salary expenses – 53,900 rubles + 20,212.50 rubles = 74,112.50 rubles/month.

Unforeseen expenses - RUB 30,000/month

Total: RUB 769,649.90/month

Cost of 1 m3 of unedged boards: 769,649.90 rubles: 154 m3/month = 4998.02 rubles.

For berries - by train

And now the berry season has come again. By the beginning of the berry picking season, we were fully armed: we purchased repellent in cans, liter plastic buckets for berries, half-liter jars, and buckets. I sewed special bags for convenient placement of buckets and cans myself. The bottom of them was made of plywood so that it would not sag.

Early rise

I had to get up very early in the morning, we left by train at 5.20 am, I woke up the children at half past five, I got up earlier myself to prepare breakfast and food to take with me.

We quickly had breakfast, got dressed, took everything we had prepared the night before and went to the station. We had to buy a ticket in time, otherwise we might not be allowed on the train. After a half-hour trip we got out and walked into a pine forest. It is very close, at 6.10 we were always there. It was possible to go further, but why, if the berries are already here?

Time to get to work

They chose clearings for themselves, put their things in a conspicuous place and began to work. There are a lot of berries there, but strawberries are small and take a long time to pick. And you need to be careful not to mash it so that the juice does not leak. Blueberries are a little easier to pick.

Bucket of strawberries.

It’s not hot in the morning, it’s easier to pack, so we practically didn’t rest until 9 am. At 9 we had a break for half an hour. Have a light snack and lie down to rest your back and legs. Then they started picking berries again. The second break was usually taken closer to 12 noon. The appetite in the forest was simply excellent, we again had a little snack and rested. And back to work, until two o'clock.

The train returns at 2:50 p.m., so, having grabbed all our things and collected berries, we went to the station. There I washed myself thoroughly and changed into other, more decent clothes, because the children were going home, and I was going to Shadrinsk to sell the collected berries.

Sale of berries. Income and expenses

We usually picked 15 liters of strawberries per day. When the blueberries were picked, they contained about 20 liters. All this was collected first in liter buckets, and when the buckets ran out (there were only 9 of them), into a large bucket. Buckets were placed in a bag, a bucket and a bag in my hands, a backpack with everything I needed on my shoulders - that’s how I went to the market, to trade.

A bucket of strawberries.

I arrived in Shadrinsk at 16.20, if the berries were not sold out on the train (this happened sometimes), I went to the market near the Cosmos store. There are many people like me, with the gifts of nature and their gardens, standing and trading. She stood in an empty place behind the counter, paid for her seat and displayed her fragrant goods.

At this time, people were starting to leave work, and fresh berries were just in time. The price for strawberries and blueberries is about the same, early berries cost up to 500 rubles per liter, but we ripen a little later, so I usually started selling at 350 rubles per liter, sometimes the price dropped to 250 rubles. The average price is 300 rubles per liter. Let's calculate the income:

• We collected 15 liters of strawberries per day. 15*300=4500 rubles per day;
• We collected 20 liters of blueberries per day, 20*300=6000 rubles per day.

So, income is from 4,500 to 6,000 rubles, on average 5,250, rounded up to 5,000 rubles.

A bucket of blueberries.

Expenses:

• round trip tickets for three on the train. These are 6 tickets at a price of 48 rubles. 6*48=288 rub.;
• a ticket to Shadrinsk is 100 rubles, back 200 rubles (for a high-speed train), a total of 300 rubles.
• a round-trip bus ticket in Shadrinsk, a ticket for permission to trade, in the amount of 50 rubles.
• repellent 1 for 3 days. Divide 90 rubles by 3.30 rubles per day.

Total expenses: 288+300+50+30=668 rubles.

Net profit: 5000-668=4332 rubles.

It turns out that every day our income exceeded 4,000 rubles.

During the season we usually went to the forest about 30 times. Earnings for the season are 4000 * 30 = 120,000 rubles.

Purchasing equipment for a sawmill

After completing all the necessary documents and having a room/area for production, you can start purchasing the sawmill itself. There are several types of machines for sawing downed logs, and it is recommended to choose them based on the volume of planned production:

Mini circular saws

Such equipment can be considered for industrial purposes only for small production volumes (for example, for your own small enterprise). These units are compact and consume minimal energy, but the nozzles require frequent replacement, and the performance leaves much to be desired.

Band sawmill

The band sawmill is considered the optimal equipment for small and medium-sized businesses.

On average, it processes 5-10 m3 per shift (depending on the manufacturer).

Main advantages:

• minimal amount of waste (about 20%);
• low energy consumption (average 50 W);
• reasonable price (about $3.5 thousand).

The main disadvantage is the need to frequently change the sawing band, on average every 3 hours.

Frame sawmill

A frame sawmill is a machine with high productivity, capable of ensuring continuous operation of an enterprise with large production volumes. But it will require mandatory installation on a foundation and a large amount of energy. Another disadvantage is the high percentage of waste.

Features of raw material procurement

The sawn raw materials for the sawmill are logs/ridges of various tree species (the so-called “round timber”).

You get it like this:

Forest felling

There are two ways to fell trees: uprooting or rootless felling. The most common is the second one. This type of logging work is carried out using portable motor saws or felling machines. The trunks are cut down at ground level, at the root, or leaving stumps (the permitted method of cutting is discussed with the forestry department).

The forest is uprooted with the help of bulldozers, but this method is used only if the cleared land is intended for agricultural land, road construction or housing.

Technological process of logging

The main requirement for a tree feller is to fell the tree in a given direction:

• according to the technological scheme developed for a given cutting area (all trees fall in the same direction);
• in a direction that is calculated individually in difficult cases.

Such calculations are necessary because it is quite difficult to predict the direction of a tree’s natural fall - the influence of natural factors is great (the direction and strength of the wind, the tilt of the trunk, the shape of the crown, etc.). Incorrect technology or inexperience of the feller can lead to industrial injuries, damage to equipment, destruction of other plantings and forest undergrowth (which is punishable by serious fines).

Afterwards, the fallen trees are cleared of branches and twigs (the waste must be removed and disposed of). The logs are sawn into logs (standard length: 5.5 - 6.5 m for coniferous and 4 - 4.5 m for hardwood), sorted by diameter, species, quality, tied, placed on timber trucks or special trailers with fences and transported to the sawmill shop.

Those who want to make money on berries

For those who want to try to make money by picking and selling berries, I can give some advice:

• Clothes for the forest should be comfortable, tight, and closed. In addition to everything pleasant, there are ticks in the forest. Clothes and hats must be sprayed with repellent to avoid unpleasant consequences. Yes, and it will help against mosquitoes, horseflies and flies;
• shoes must be waterproof; puddles and shallow wetlands can occur to anyone;
• Find out from the locals whether there are snakes and wild boars in the forest. If found, be very careful. Listen to see if a pig is squealing somewhere. If you hear, quickly go in the opposite direction. The cleaver guarding the brood is very dangerous;
• Pick the berries carefully, do not crush them or shake the container with the berries. If the strawberries release juice, you can only sell them for next to nothing;
• find out where you can sell the berries fastest and most profitably. Perhaps you will find a wholesale buyer;
• Don’t be afraid of difficulties and fatigue, at first your back and legs will ache noticeably, then you’ll get used to it.

Picking berries is hard work, but it brings pleasure because of the contact with the forest, delicious berries and fresh air. Good luck to all!

Production technology

The second important stage is building the correct production technology. We divide the production process into sections, for example in sawmilling:

• Logging;
• Acceptance of timber;
• Forest storage;
• Wood processing;
• Storage of processed wood;
• Shipment.

Having outlined the entire process in stages, we determine the tasks that each section must perform. We help to draw up a complete diagram of the organization and production technology, taking into account the individual factors of the enterprise.

Advice: the logging process should be adjusted to the finished product. If you have your own workpiece, when planning this stage, you need to create conditions for strict adherence to the technology that produces workpieces with the established parameters. So, if, when cutting a 6-meter log, clear parameters are not observed (they cut 6.1 or 6.2 m), the next log will come out at 16 instead of 18. Because of this, you will lose in cubic capacity.

There are hundreds of other important aspects to running a woodworking business. The fight against theft remains a pressing problem in any industry. We advise: to avoid such troubles, the timber should be taken one piece at a time - not with a gander, but with a dot. It is also important to monitor the consumption of fuels and lubricants. nb bjc,,

We even offer tools such as:

1. Create a plan for which areas to guide people in the event of VIP guests arriving at the enterprise.
2. How to greet them correctly, what to show, etc.

It's these little things that make up the success of a woodworking business.

Goals and plans

What is the approximate turnover of your company per year? In terms of money, did you manage to achieve what you planned earlier?

It’s difficult to give a specific figure in terms of money; it’s easier to say by cubic capacity, we process 20-25 thousand round timber per year. Of course, more is possible, but for now we are satisfied with this volume, which can be done without compromising quality.

Regarding the financial component: the minimum level has been reached, now we need to conquer new heights!

What measures to expand and improve your own business are you going to implement in the near future?

There are plans to develop other areas, including the production of foam concrete and paving slabs, as well as wood concrete blocks. Now I’m studying literature on this topic, communicating with knowledgeable people, in general, testing the waters.

Can you call yourself a person who loves his job? Or do you still like the principle: “Work for money”?

As I already said, I have been in this field since I was 14 years old and have never regretted my choice. I love the forest, it’s not a burden for me to get up early and go to the plot, it’s not difficult to stay overnight at my work. Of course, I am also attracted by financial motivation, since with a competent approach one can achieve good results, because the forest resources of our country are inexhaustible.

New business ideas

Office, raw materials and financial resources, personnel in the subject, etc.?

funnybunny, yes. In outskirts of Moscow. A sawmill and a couple of warehouses. PS Personally, I don’t. It’s just that I’ve quickly grown firmly into one business (my personal office has turned from a subcontractor “on the spot” to not even just the main intermediary...)

Bunny, it’s difficult and I personally don’t see how you can enter a business without having an offline infrastructure.

funnybunny, I didn’t understand a little... I think I wrote that there is already an operating business. The question is to what extent such topics can be raised via the Internet.

Bulka, it’s good if this business exists, I think it’s realistic to organize sales.

I'll answer a little later

Timber is sold very well via the Internet + telephone. I was engaged in forestry 3 years ago, and letters regarding deliveries come, although rarely, even now private traders - do not buy small wholesale - practically do not buy medium - buy large wholesale - buy

This is interesting: How to register a forest plot for felling

yes medium and large wholesale. people are still trading (they started at the beginning of last year).. and quite in a non-widespread, narrow topic in the forest... and their large clients find nothing...

You can sell anything, the timber will sell 100%, the main thing is to hire a competent webmaster who can promote the topic, if the business takes off, then all the invested costs will pay off 10 years in advance. My office is far from the forest, but I pulled it out a year ago from 0 calls to 15-20, for some this may not seem enough, but we don’t sell refrigerators.

However, the trustfulness of wholesale customers is simply at the highest level. Everyone has an idea of ​​what forestry business is in Russia. As soon as we talk about constant supplies, there is immediately a requirement to show YOUR OWN sawmills and warehouses.

We created a website for clients to sell timber, etc. Moreover, they sold throughout Russia and neighboring countries. Thanks to competent development and optimization of the site (:-)) they were found and orders came in, which they were happy about.

It’s a shame that they are not doing this now and the site is “idle” (I really feel sorry for my work, especially effective), and requests for the supply of timber are constantly coming by mail.

Rolls, timber and lumber are selling well. We made a website for clients, worked on it a little, and now the clients are very happy. Orders are approximately distributed as follows: 1. Private traders - no 2. Small wholesale - few 3. Medium - there are orders 4. Large - also there. So go for it. Good luck to you!

If you create a good website, intended for both advanced and inexperienced users, and order competent optimization for it, then I think that you will simply receive orders via the Internet. :0)

Do we have such a site? Does anyone need it?

How to register a firewood business?

In order to open such a business, it must be registered. The application and relevant documents are submitted to the local tax office. Two forms of organization are suitable for a wood burning business:

• individual enterprise (for small volumes of production);
• LLC (for large companies).

It is much easier to open an individual entrepreneur. To register it, you need to write an application on form P21001, select a taxation system, pay a state fee in the amount of 800 rubles, and select an activity code according to OKVED.

Registering an LLC requires more documentation. It is also much easier for a sole proprietorship to pay taxes. The advantage of an LLC over an individual entrepreneur is that most companies are more willing to enter into transactions with such organizations. In order to register an LLC, its founders must present the following documents to the tax organization:

• charter of the enterprise;
• documents that confirm the availability of capital;
• information about the leaders of the organization.

For an enterprise for the procurement and sale of firewood, it is recommended to choose the following OKVED classes:

• 10 – “Planing and sawing wood”;
• 20 – “Logging”.

To open a full cycle from harvesting to selling finished firewood, it is necessary to obtain permission to cut down forests. This permit is called a logging ticket. To formalize it, you need to present an application that justifies the need to cut down part of the forest, a plan with the size and area for cutting, an agreement with the company that is engaged in cutting down the forest and a description of all the plantings on the territory.

Entrepreneurs are recommended to choose a simplified taxation system. After costs and income have been calculated, it is necessary to select an object of taxation (income or income minus expenses).

What you need to know when opening your own sawmill

The starting minimum set of sawmill equipment that you will have to purchase:

1) Circular saw (800 thousand rubles) 2) Multi-saw machine (150 thousand rubles) 3) Band sawmill (100 thousand rubles).

(all prices are for Russian-made products).

Thus, the starting investment in a simple sawmill is quite serious, amounting to about 3 million rubles. This figure includes equipment and the cost of the initial purchase of timber to fill the warehouse.

The expected annual capacity of such production (according to the project) is approximately 4.5 thousand cubic meters of finished lumber.

The annual turnover of the enterprise is about 11.2 million rubles.

Such a sawmill reaches the break-even point in a year and a half, or in the best case scenario, in a year.

Where do the firewood come from?

A novice entrepreneur should take into account the fact that in some areas (for example, in the Moscow region) logging has long been completely prohibited. It is much more profitable to work in the wilderness. There, both renting and connecting to facilities is cheaper and easier.

Buying your own plot at auction in the forestry enterprise (at a price of 700–900 rubles per cubic meter) results in very unprofitable savings - two hundred to three hundred rubles per cubic meter, and this is the most optimistic figure. And if you are unlucky (which happens more often in this case), then you won’t get any savings at all. Only having your own specialized equipment will allow you to really benefit from purchasing your own plot in the forestry enterprise. But it pays off only with super-scale projects - a small private sawmill does not reach this scale.

Directory CLASSIFICATION OF TIMBER MATERIALS

Prices for finished lumber and other sawmill products:

Today, a cubic meter of lumber with delivery costs the buyer, on average, about five thousand rubles.

Waste and trimmings of lumber go to related production, where cable reels and pallets are made. During a shift, one worker is able to produce up to 30 pallets (for each pallet he receives 25 rubles). These pallets are sold for 150 rubles apiece.

The main expenses of the sawmill:

• rent - $3,000 per month,
• electricity,
• taxes,
• salary to staff: mechanic (saw-righter), manager (sawmill manager).

Prospects

The export of timber from our country abroad has fallen, the state is raising duties and is going to increase them even more, so it is worth starting a small production, focusing on domestic, unpretentious needs, on products of “non-European” quality. This can feed you and give you a predictable, albeit low, but stable income.

How to start a wood burning business?

To open a firewood business, an entrepreneur needs to decide whether he wants to engage in wholesale or retail trade. Next, you need to select the type of firewood. There are several options:

• chopped;
• wood chips for kindling, trimming;
• not chopped logs.

There are also different types of wood, which will determine the cost of the finished product (alder and conifers). Alder is an ideal option for lighting a fireplace in the home. Also, such material is actively used on forays to cook food over the fire. Coniferous wood is less in demand because it is very difficult to melt. But, due to its chemical composition, it can burn much longer. One of the most popular is birch wood. It is the most common in the state, and also has the best price.

After selecting the type of raw material and type of firewood, it is necessary to conclude an agreement with the forestry department. In the firewood business, the entrepreneur is obliged to provide his company with a plot of land. The forester will give him a certain plot of land on which he can cut down trees. Most often, a businessman is given the opportunity to earn money by cutting down birch and aspen. Such trees grow relatively quickly, so production built on them has a shortened period.

Is it necessary to buy a specialized car for such a business?

To be able to ensure delivery of the product from production to the end customer, the owner of a wood burning business is required to purchase a vehicle to transport heavy loads. This may not be the latest ZIL or GAZ brand. In this case, it is more profitable and easier to buy such transport than to transport firewood on a tractor. Since wood is a heavy material, the most important parameter when choosing such a car will be its load capacity. It is optimal to choose a truck with a body size of 87-120 kb.m and a load capacity of 24 tons. Firewood can be transported in bags. Then you need to load them onto pallets and secure them in the back with special tape.

How to find employees?

There are special GOST standards for cutting firewood. Therefore, for such an enterprise it is necessary to hire a couple of lumberjacks. It is best to look for them among representatives of the local population of the region in which the enterprise will be located. For a small logging business, you need to hire the following personnel:

• a couple of workers to operate chain saws;
• a couple of workers to work with a powerful cleaver;
• a couple of people to put the wood on pallets and into trucks.

If you open enterprises with the expectation of large production volumes, then it is necessary to conduct vocational training for employees.

How to choose a room?

In order to choose the right production and storage facility, it is necessary to determine the planned production volumes. To organize a procurement workshop (sawing and splitting wood), it is optimal to select a room with an area of ​​50 sq.m. or more. For the warehouse it is necessary to provide about 200 sq.m. of area. The most important thing is to select rooms that will be protected from high humidity. In general, an entrepreneur needs to allocate about 50 thousand rubles for renting premises.

Equipment purchase

To organize a firewood business, in addition to cars and premises, you need to purchase special equipment. It is divided into two types:

• for preliminary procurement of raw materials;
• for making firewood.

For preliminary timber harvesting in a small enterprise, you need to buy the following equipment:

• 2 chainsaws: 30 thousand rubles;
• working tools (hooks, ropes, etc.): 10 thousand rubles;
• 2 axes: 10 thousand rubles.

To make firewood you should purchase:

• wood splitter: 30 thousand rubles;
• circular saw: 50 thousand rubles.

The total cost of equipment will be 130 thousand rubles. Taking into account the costs of purchasing trucks and renting premises, the starting investment will be about 450 thousand rubles.

Every month it will be necessary to pay salaries to a staff of 2 people, 30 thousand rubles per month, rent of premises and fuel costs. Approximately their total amount will be about 120 thousand rubles/month. If you sell about 60 cubic meters of firewood or more every month, you can make a profit of 80 thousand rubles. The average payback period for such production and income will be about 6 months. Accordingly, this type of business activity can be called profitable.

Water purification business – selling water on tap

Sell ​​purified water. Here is one of the business options that involves the most valuable resource of nature - water. The water flowing from our taps is not suitable for drinking; purchasing a high-quality water filter is not affordable for everyone. These two factors determine the demand for the purchase of drinking water and the profitability of such activities. Clean water is vital for everyone every day.

Some business details:

• You can install the cleaning system in a small room - 5 square meters is enough.
• This could be a small shop, a stall or space rented in a supermarket.
• The optimal location for the point is a densely populated residential area. So to speak, a business focused on one microdistrict. Agree, few people will use transport (spend extra money and time) to buy a water cylinder.
• You can open a network of similar points in different areas and thus expand the scale of activity.
• The main costs are for the purchase of a treatment system - on average this amounts to 240,000 rubles.

The maximum payback period is two years.