equipment for pawnshops and electronic jewelry scales

If you have seriously decided to start your own business, but do not know what area to focus your attention on, you should definitely consider the pawnshop business. Today it is in demand more than ever. According to experts, 1.5 million Muscovites resort to the services of pawnshops. Moreover, there are forecasts that within 5 years the turnover of these structures will double.

Residents of Russian cities show particular interest in them in moments of crisis. As a rule, this is when there is a need to urgently receive a certain amount of money. Russians are pawning gold, equipment, and precious stones. Therefore, there is every reason to think about how to open a pawn shop for household appliances. According to statistics, most often, in order to receive a loan, our compatriots bring televisions, microwaves and other appliances.

Popular business

According to official information alone, today more than 500 pawnshops are registered in Moscow. However, in reality there are about 250 companies involved in this business. Moreover, the absolute majority of them (80%) are private pawnshops. They successfully supplanted the state-owned Mosgorlombard, which previously had a whole network of its own points.

The question of how to open a pawn shop for household appliances is also relevant against the backdrop of an ever-growing market. The fact is that, according to official information, every year the number of companies engaged in this activity grows by an average of 25%. However, about a quarter of pawnshops cannot cope with the cruel realities of the market and die without even lasting a year. However, new companies immediately take their place, ready to provide money to the population on the security of various property.

Business registration

Legal form of business - CJSC or LLC
Legal registration of a pawnshop involves opening an LLC or CJSC, and the name of the organization must include the word itself - “pawnshop”. The taxation system is general.

Before opening a gold pawnshop, or any other type of pawnshop, the future owner will have to collect a lot of permitting documentation. The list of required certificates and permits varies depending on the area of activity of the enterprise, as well as on the specific region. You can highlight a standard list of documents that are required from almost any entrepreneur:

documents on registration with the financial monitoring committee;
certificates for each employee;
business license and other permits;
when buying gold and jewelry, you must obtain documents confirming the accuracy of the scales;
permission to sell jewelry;
certificate of registration with the Assay Office.

Many people want to invest

If they do not have enough funds for turnover, they actively resort to the help of sponsors. By the way, investors are happy to not only provide their finances for the development of this profitable business, but also acquire operating pawnshops with no less interest.

If you are wondering how to open a pawn shop for household appliances, then you should immediately understand that this procedure will differ significantly from registering a regular company. You will need to comply with all legal requirements and you will be subject to severe fines if you violate any rules. Therefore, let's thoroughly examine this issue from scratch.

What types of pawnshops are there?

“How?”, you ask? Are there several types of pawnshops? Yes. The main differences between pawnshops are the specialization of the categories of accepting various things as collateral.

Some pawnshops specialize primarily in accepting electronics and household appliances as collateral - phones, TVs, laptops, tablets, etc.
Others have chosen jewelry, jewelry, gold items, etc. as a “field” for their activities.
Still others accept antiques and furs.
Another recently widespread category of pawnshops is those that accept cars as collateral.
Using combined types of collateral – i.e. accepting, for example, gold and electronics, or gold and antiques.

Of course, there are other types of pawnshops, but the above are the main ones. In order to determine the most popular types of pawnshop services in your city, you need to conduct a thorough analysis of your potential clients . How to do this, read the link.

Now, it’s probably worth mentioning exactly how pawnshops make money; it’s quite possible that for many readers this topic will be so new that it requires some clarification. Everything is simple here. Schematically it looks like this:

A visitor brings an item to a pawnshop
After evaluating it, the client enters into an agreement with you and receives money
After the agreed period for redeeming the item, the client: – buys the item, paying interest to the pawnshop; - does not buy the item, and the pawnshop has the right to sell it at its own price.

The best option for selling unclaimed items is opening a consignment store. Here you can find information on how to open an online “thrift shop”.

At the first stage, regulatory documents are important

First of all, carefully study the legislative acts that regulate the work of pawnshop organizations. Remember that ignorance of the law will not exempt you from responsibility. The main thing for you should be the law of the Russian Federation “On pawnshops”. In order to open a pawnshop, you need to open an LLC.

If your company deals with precious stones, then you will need to register with two government services. The Federal Service for Financial Monitoring and the State Assay Supervision Inspectorate of the Russian State Assay Chamber will work with you.

How to open a pawnshop for buying gold and household appliances: what documents are needed, is it profitable?

In order to find out how to open a pawnshop, let’s first consider what this type of business is. A pawnshop is a company that provides loans to clients secured by various property (watches, jewelry, antiques). If you seriously decide to open your own pawnshop, then this will be a good investment.

Pawnshop today

At the moment, the number of pawnshops in Russia is about 3.5-4 thousand. And every year more and more new ones appear. In fact, a pawnshop is the same bank where you can take out a loan from several hundred rubles to several hundred thousand. In this case, the client may not repay the debt at all. Then his collateral will simply become the property of the pawnshop. The development of the pawnshop business in Russia is growing by 15% every year. In general, a pawnshop brings the greatest profit during a crisis. And as already said, opening your own pawnshop is a very profitable business.

Legal aspects

First of all, before opening a pawnshop, you should familiarize yourself with the regulations governing this activity. First of all, this business is regulated by the Federal Law “On Pawnshops” of July 19, 2007. This law talks about the main aspects of the pawnshop business. For example:

The client's property can be sold by a pawnshop if the debt is delayed for more than 1 month.
A formal contract must be concluded between the client and the company.
The client must receive a deposit ticket in his hands.
A pawnshop does not have the right to provide services other than providing loans and storing pledged items.
The pawnshop is obliged to evaluate the items.
A pawnshop has the right to sell things through retail trade, as well as through an auction (if the item costs more than 30,000 rubles).
To sell things, the pawnshop owner is required to open another legal entity. In addition, this law reflects many other aspects of doing business. But besides the law “On pawnshops” there is also order number 203 of RosFinMonitoring of 2010. This order describes the requirements for the pawnshop itself.

For example, it describes in detail what kind of education pawnshop employees should have and when these employees should take advanced training courses. If you decide to open a pawnshop whose activities are related to precious stones and expensive metals, then the requirements for it will be specified in other legal acts.

Taxes

According to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, pawnshops are subject to general taxation. At the same time, interest on loans is not subject to Value Added Tax. But the profit received from storing things is, on the contrary, subject to VAT. Therefore, pawnshops usually maintain separate accounting.

Necessary calculations

Since opening a pawnshop is a rather serious matter, you must make some calculations before you act.

Find out exactly how much money you will need to open and maintain a pawnshop.
Calculate how much money you will need to create a loan fund.
Calculate how many loans you will need to issue every month to make your business profitable.

What do you need to open a pawnshop?

First of all, you will need solid starting capital. Opening a pawnshop itself will cost you about 300,000 rubles. But to issue loans, you will have to invest several more millions. The main expenses of a pawnshop are: renting premises, purchasing equipment (including equipment for determining the authenticity of antiques), employee salaries, advertising, and monthly bill payments. In order for your pawnshop to operate, you will need staff. For starters, 4 appraisers will be enough. And you can perform the administrator role yourself. Also, when opening a pawnshop, you should take care of the safety of valuables. You can use safes and alarms for this. A pawnshop takes about five years to pay for itself. Although, under favorable conditions, this process can happen faster.

Pawnshop registration

If you are determined to open your own pawnshop, then first of all, you should register with the Tax Service of the Russian Federation. The best form of doing business is “LLC ” (limited liability company). Next, no later than 30 days from the date of registration with the tax authorities, you need to submit documents to the RosFinMonitoring service. After which, you will need to register with the Assay Chamber of the Russian Federation. This will allow you to deal with precious metal products. You should also ensure that all items in your storage are insured. According to the law, it is the pawnshop owner who must carry out this procedure.

Place position

The pawnshop can be located on the ground floor of the building or in the basement. On the street where the pawnshop is located, a fairly large number of people should pass by. In addition, it is best to engage in this activity in densely populated areas of the city. And before you finally choose a location, you need to conduct your own market analysis.

Let's sum it up

Opening a pawnshop is a complex type of business activity that requires a serious approach, large investments and patience from the entrepreneur. But if successful, the pawnshop owner will never be left without his profit, because this type of service is always in stable demand.

Interesting topic: About the pawnshop:

What type of pawn shop will you choose?

Entrepreneurs admit that all Moscow pawnshops are divided into two types. The operating principle of the first type of pawnshop is a classic scheme, that is, the profit is made up of the “accumulated” interest on the use of the loan. Of course, the owners of such establishments are very interested in their clients buying back the pawned items. They try to do everything to ensure that unclaimed balances are minimal, no more than 5% of the total volume.

How to achieve this? Pawnshop owners carefully select staff and train them to work with clients. An employee should be able to draw a conclusion about his solvency just by the visitor’s appearance alone. If a person who visits a pawnshop does not give the impression of being prosperous, he is politely refused to provide money. At the same time, more interesting loan terms are provided to trustworthy clients. For example, they can receive large sums at a low interest rate.

Who are called poachers?

The operating principle of the second type of pawnshop is the banal purchase of scrap jewelry. Thanks to such establishments, their owners are enriched with finished jewelry products. Such pawnshops deliberately value clients’ items significantly below their market value, and deliberately inflate the interest on them. In general, everything is done to ensure that people do not buy back their things.

Professionals in this market call such pawnshops “poachers” for their extortionate interest rates and unwillingness to return the property provided. This category also includes establishments that accept household appliances as collateral.

As a rule, people who bring televisions or microwave ovens to a pawnshop are already, as they say, driven to the extreme and are ready to give up the last thing in order to get the coveted rubles. Poachers take advantage of this. The percentage in such pawn shops is so high that few people come back for household appliances. Over time, it is successfully sold on specialized websites or in provincial stores.

When deciding on the specialization of your establishment and thinking about how to open a pawn shop for household appliances, keep in mind that you will have to deal with desperate people or petty criminals who will try to sell stolen or illegally obtained goods through you.

Equipment for a pawnshop. How and with what to equip a pawnshop?

Computer

– any inexpensive set: LCD monitor, system unit, keyboard, mouse.

Printer

– for printing pledge tickets on forms. The main advice is not to buy into the cheapness of inkjet printers. They have 2 big drawbacks: slow printing, very expensive ink (can reach up to half the cost of the printer).

Cash machine

– you can use either a regular cash register or a fiscal registrar. The second option is more expensive, but allows you to print receipts directly from the program.

electronic scales

– more about how to choose scales for pawnshops and jewelry workshops

A set of reagents and tools for a commodity expert

For a jewelry pawnshop:

Assay stone No. 10.12 60x75 mm
Assay needles (set of 5 pcs) 56.707
Reagent for gold 333rd standard (8ct) 10 ml
Reagent for gold 375 (9ct) 10 ml
Reagent for gold 585 (14ct - chlorine) 10 ml
Reagent for 750 gold (18ct) 10 ml
Reagent for 900-carat gold (21.6 ct) 10 ml
Reagent for 950 gold (22 ct) 10 ml.
Reagent for platinum, palladium 10 ml
Reagent for silver Ag 10 ml
Test tubes for reagents (set of 5 pieces in a box with a funnel)
Colorless bottle 50ml
Karatomer-plate 0.01-4 ct 4311
Caratometer round 0.19-7.02 ct
Ring gauge plastic 13.0-24.5 x 0.25 mm

For a household pawnshop, which accepts household appliances as collateral, a large space is needed due to the fact that it is necessary to place racks for storing equipment. You also need equipment to check technical security: all kinds of testers, sound speakers, headphones, cassettes, disks of all kinds, adapters, adapters, batteries.

Office furniture

– there are no special recommendations.

Stationery

– pencils, pens, paper, staplers: standard office kit.

Room

– most often the premises are rented. Renting a premises significantly reduces the cost of entering a business compared to purchasing a premises. For a jewelry pawnshop, a premises of 20-30 sq.m. is most often sufficient.

Office and property protection

– a safe is required. Most often, pawn shops have several safes for storing accepted jewelry. It is also mandatory to have an alarm system in the office. If the proposed premises for opening an office are available for renovation, it is advisable to cover the walls with a grid of metal wire 18 mm thick. Gateway systems have also recently been used to protect premises. That is, it is impossible to leave the pawnshop until the door to the vault is closed, and the doors open only after a short timeout (1-5 minutes), which makes it possible for the police or security agency to respond to an emergency.

Additional products for Pawnshops:

Programs 1C-Rarus: Pawnshop 4 and 1C-Rarus: Pawnshop EPS 4
1C-Rarus: Pawnshop website
Mobile application Pawnshop: Personal account
Uconto mobile application: Manager reports

And now about the risks

We warn you right away: this business is very difficult to run. Before you start doing it, gain relevant experience. Since you are dealing with various collaterals of your clients, this is the main source of problems. The biggest difficulties arise with gold.

It often happens on the market that the hallmark applied to jewelry simply does not correspond to the real level of quality of the precious metal. Sometimes it happens that a beautiful gold plating is applied to cheap metal. The cost of such a product is very low, but the sample supplied and appearance may indicate otherwise.

Smells like crime

An even bigger problem is stolen jewelry. As a rule, they try to sell them in pawn shops. Of course, the thief can be caught, but in this case the police will come to your establishment to retrieve the pawned items and confiscate the material evidence. The most unpleasant thing is that the owner of the pawnshop is not compensated for anything. Moreover, you may be constantly invited to courts as a witness.

Establishments that accept cars or various household appliances as collateral fall under the same risks. Also, do not exclude the possibility that during storage the pledged property will simply become unusable. And sometimes pawn shops get robbed. In such cases, thieves take away not only money, but also your clients’ belongings. Having your own pawnshop is, of course, good. But try to take into account all possible risks in order to be able to adequately respond to them.

Security questions

Panic button
It must be remembered that a pawnshop is a desirable prey for criminals. A pawnshop stores not only money, but also valuable items, so the premises must be equipped in accordance with security standards for this type of enterprise. An alarm and a panic button are required. A metal door is installed in the room, and bars are on the windows.

CCTV cameras and special software with recording will help provide protection not only from criminals, but also from dishonesty of personnel. This is expensive equipment, so if you don’t have enough capital at first, you can get by with tricks. Their appearance will scare away thieves and warn staff.

Investments in pawn shops and how much you can earn from them

In general, this business cannot be called cheap. In order to fully engage in it, you need good investments. Experienced entrepreneurs say that on average pawn shop equipment will cost around $17,000. This amount will need to be invested in the renovation of the premises, the purchase of office equipment, a minimum set of furniture, the purchase of inventory, the installation of safes, special accounting programs, the creation and reproduction of advertising brochures, and so on. You will also need to purchase special testers to check the equipment (since you have decided to deal with it) for performance. Don't forget about high-quality software, it will greatly simplify your work.

In addition, you must have sufficient funds to issue loans to clients. On average, opening a pawn shop can cost up to $350,000. At the same time, as we have already noted, up to 17,000 will be spent on repairs and equipment for the pawnshop, and the remaining funds are needed for loans.

equipment for pawnshops and electronic jewelry scales

Every year the number of pawnshops in Russia increases by 20-25%. A quarter of newly created pawnshops die without even working for a year. But new ones are taking their place. According to the consulting company, every month 5-7 investors declare their readiness to purchase an operating pawnshop. Approximately 40% of them are representatives of existing pawnshop networks. Investors' interest in this business is related to its prospects. The number of people who want to borrow money from themselves by pawning some valuable item is constantly growing. This trend is especially relevant nowadays due to the economic crisis. They began to turn to the pawnshop more often, despite the high rates - this service is much faster and simpler than a bank loan. The main equipment of pawnshops is jewelry laboratory scales , which must be certified by the Assay Office. In addition, special equipment will be useful in the work, for example, gold and diamond detectors. Also, for the successful operation of a pawnshop, appropriate software is required - it significantly reduces the time required to issue a loan and simplifies management accounting. There is a wide range of models of laboratory scales for pawnshops, the main requirement is a high class of accuracy. Scales also differ in weighing limit (maximum weight for scales) and working surface area (weighing bowl area). In this case, the general rules for their installation, safety requirements and operating conditions specified in the operating manual must be observed. Electronic scales for pawnshops, weights and calibration weights must be verified annually in accordance with GOST requirements. Periodic verification of pawnshop scales is carried out by a licensed verification organization. Weighing of precious metals, jewelry and other household products made of precious metals and precious stones, scrap and waste from them is carried out on pawnshop scales that provide the necessary weighing accuracy: a) gold, platinum, palladium in the form of ingots, semi-finished products and products: - with mass up to 1 kg - 0.01 g; — with a weight over 1 kg — 0.1 g; b) gold, platinum and palladium in the form of scrap - 0.1 g; c) silver in the form of products - 0.1 g; d) silver in the form of ingots, semi-finished products and scrap - 1.0 g. The permissible error limit of the scales used for pawnshops should not exceed the values defined by GOST 24104-2001. An approximate set of reagents and tools for a jewelry pawnshop merchandiser includes the following: assay stone No. 10.12; assay needles, assay acids Gold 8, 9, 14, 18, 20-24 ct, Ag, Pt; test tubes for reagents, caratometer plate 0.01-4 ct, round caratometer 0.19-7.02 ct, ring gauge plastic 13.0-24.5 x 0.25 mm. You may also need gold, diamond and mussanite detectors, magnifying glasses, triplets, special white and ultraviolet lighting, tweezers and much more. This equipment and reagents are offered in a large assortment and at affordable prices by the Steinberg Gallery. We draw your attention to the available Alfa Mirage GK-300 Precious Metal Detector , which is an AND scale with the function of determining the density of materials by comparing the results of conventional weighing and weighing in liquid. PRICE_LIST for electronic jewelry scales and jewelry tools >> If your scales need calibration, repair, adjustment or diagnostics, then you can bring them to our office Vadkovsky lane. d 18A. After the examination, our specialists will issue an opinion, calculate the cost of repairs or set up your scales. Repair of scales - by agreement. Call! (495) 225-3044 e-mail: [email protected]

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Date: 04/08/2013
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This is the amount!

It can cost up to $30,000 monthly to maintain your establishment. What does this amount include? First of all, it will include the rental of premises (from 40 square meters and more), staff salaries (one director and at least three or four appraisers), the organization of reliable and quickly responsive security and other expenses (advertising, insurance, accounting, administrative expenses). ).

As you can see, the pawnshop business is quite difficult to maintain. Therefore, in order to engage in it, you must have experience in a similar field or be a very talented organizer, capable of rallying good specialists around you and organizing their work correctly.

What is the profitability of a pawnshop?

We analyzed the rate currently used in most Moscow pawnshops. And we found that on average its value is 10%. Taking into account this figure and the amount of necessary expenses, you can easily understand that the break-even threshold is a little more than 350 thousand dollars. It follows that in order to cover all expenses and break even, your establishment needs to issue this amount as loans. At the same time, you will make a profit if you exceed this threshold.

In other words, you need to make loans to your customers in amounts greater than $350,000. Experienced entrepreneurs have calculated that a pawnshop will be profitable if approximately 40-50 people visit it daily.

At the same time, on average they must take out loans in amounts ranging from $170 to $340. Experts say that you can make a profit after about six months of hard work. The timing may vary and depend on several factors: the presence of competitors, location of the establishment and advertising.

Pawnshop expenses and income

We have already decided on the initial expenses - the equipment will cost 300-350 thousand rubles. In addition, the pawnshop will require monthly expenses.

Employee salary – 80,000 rubles;
Rent – 50,000 rubles;
Premises security – 50,000 rubles;
Insurance – 60,000 rubles;
Advertising – 20,000 rubles.

Total monthly expenses will be 260 thousand rubles.

The pawnshop will need six million rubles for working capital.

Experts’ calculations allow us to determine the pawnshop’s break-even point – 4.2 million rubles, that is, it is necessary to issue loans for exactly this amount. Anything over this amount is the profit of the pawnshop. To do this, the pawnshop will need 20-30 clients daily. The payback period of a pawnshop will depend on many factors: location, advertising, size of loans. On average, it will take six months to a year to break even. And it will take 2-3 years to fully recoup the pawnshop.

Make yourself known

To ensure that you always have customers, do advertising. Be sure to open the website and post information about yourself on social networks. If finances allow you, advertise on the radio. Special promotions work very well.

For example, for the first time after opening your store, offer loans at a low rate. Having gained regular customers in this way, you can gradually level out the interest on loans to a value that is favorable to you. Pawnshop advertising is a whole science. If you don't have time to figure it out, it's better to hire an experienced marketer to do all the work for you.