What kind of business can be opened in the Far East on a plot of 1 hectare

• November 20, 2018
• Business plans
• Ekaterina Ryzhkova

What is the yield of apples per 1 hectare? How to grow these fruits? You will find answers to these and other questions in the article. Apple is one of the most famous types of fruits that are available in the grocery market. They are very useful and are often used not only fresh, but also for making jams, preserves, and also for creating dried fruits. The demand for them is great, and not too high prices make them very popular among buyers. We will find out below what the yield of apples is from 1 hectare.

Apple tree varieties

Few people know how to get a high yield of apples from 1 hectare. Due to new varieties and growing methods, the apple business has reduced the period for making a profit from 5-7 years to 1 year. There are winter, autumn and summer varieties of apples.

If you are planning to seriously engage in apple tree business, then you need to start growing all types of this fruit. As a result, you will be able to work and sell products all year round, plus this format will reduce the risk of crop loss.

There are both dwarf and tall varieties of apple trees. When choosing a variety, you need to rely on the requirements for the growing method of a particular species. Here are the most famous of them:

• Simirenko;
• Golden Delicious;
• Starking;
• Red Delicious;
• Stayman Black;
• Jonared;
• Royal Red Delicious;
• Idared.

Business on agricultural land

Regardless of the chosen type of activity, in a region separated from the city, constant labor will be an important factor. The profit received will be the key to developing new areas of activity or expanding an existing type of income.

On agricultural land, you can start growing and subsequently selling turkeys, chickens or quails . In addition to poultry meat, you can also sell eggs, down, and feathers for the production of pillows. Today, growing pheasants is of great importance. To breed poultry, you will initially need to have 3-4 thousand rubles to purchase young animals. Arranging an area for cultivation will cost 10–12 thousand rubles (poultry house, paddock, feed, etc.).

, options for growing and selling mushrooms , both fresh and pickled, pickled or dried, are no less relevant Today we offer oyster mushrooms, champignons, porcini mushrooms, and medicinal shiitake mushrooms for cultivation.

Despite the fact that apples seem to be in every yard, they are in great demand on the sales market. Therefore, a business in growing and selling apples will require no more than 2-3 thousand rubles for the purchase of mature trees, and will also provide payback and the first profit in the first year. Profits can be spent on purchasing trees to expand the garden.

Along with growing fruits and berries, potatoes are no less in demand, because today even many summer residents have given up growing them themselves.

Among the original, interesting ideas for developing your own business, you can consider growing wormwood . This idea is best suited for those who have their own land in the private sector. Wormwood will almost immediately bring considerable profit, because it can be sold not only to pharmaceutical companies, homeopathic pharmacies, but also to those involved in the production of alcohol. Wormwood is one of the main components in creating the absinthe drink. Among all existing plant species, the only one sold is Wormwood or Artemisia absinthium. On average, from 1 hectare you can get at least 3 thousand dollars from the sale of crops .

Planting a garden

Let's consider the option of planting an apple orchard on a land plot of 1 hectare. Depending on the crown of the apple trees or their variety, you need to allocate from 5 to 10 m² for each tree. So, on 1 hectare you can plant approximately 1000-2000 seedlings, which will bring you income in the future.

At the same time, to care for such an apple orchard, your business plan must take into account the purchase of tools: chainsaws, branch cutters, gas trimmers. Don't forget about the drip irrigation system.

TOP 11 best ideas for agricultural business

Possible agricultural options are divided into animal husbandry, crop production, horticulture, beekeeping and fisheries. Each direction has branches. BBQcash experts recommend profitable types of business for consideration.

Greenhouses

When choosing this direction, they carry out thorough preparation. Is the investment in equipment and seed material significant, in addition to this? they purchase lighting equipment and an irrigation system, and be sure to think about heating the room, especially for the northern regions.

The correct selection of cultivated crops allows you to get 5-6 harvests a year, but when starting your career, you enlist the support of an experienced agronomist and set up sales. An agreement with nearby supermarkets for the supply of vegetables is considered ideal; this will require some work. First, they conduct a competent advertising campaign, then conclude supply contracts.

Sunflower

Growing the crop will provide an optimal start for the greenhouse business. When renting land for sunflowers, you need to know that the plant selects useful substances from the soil. After it, nothing will grow on the site for 7-8 years, so it is used for greenhouses.

The payback on a sunflower field is several times higher than the costs. Ripening period is 5 months. Care for the crop is minimal, the unpretentious flower is not afraid of drought and pests, and does not require regular watering or fertilizing. However, it is better to ensure proper conditions. The farmer's main enemy will be birds, so it is worth hiring workers in advance who will cover the plant heads with a thin translucent cloth, this way? protecting seeds from pests. They use scarecrows in the fields; the old ancestral method with mechanical modifications fully replaces the guards.

After harvesting, they receive a minimum income by selling seeds, but experienced farmers earn more by sending their products for processing. The cost of oil is higher; selling it will increase profits several times and will reduce the cost of building greenhouses.

The stems and heads of plants are of some value; they are used in livestock farming and other activities. Sunflower roots are left in the ground to serve as fertilizer.

Hazelnut

The popular hazelnut is in a niche free from competition. Its cultivation is not difficult to organize, but it is a long-term investment. The first harvest is expected after 5-6 years. With the correct arrangement of trees, free space is used for planting crops such as onions, potatoes, beets, herbs, and medicinal herbs.

Selling nuts is a profitable business; it cannot be called small, since the size of the plot for hazel must be large. At least a hectare, preferably more. The culture is undemanding to care, resistant to frost, but requires a specific soil composition. They watch it strictly, otherwise they won’t expect a rich harvest. Before organizing the business, the soil is taken for analysis; it must contain magnesium, sodium, calcium and phosphorus. The acidity level should correspond to 6.8-7.2 pH. Regular control of the chemical composition and regular fertilization will ensure yield and profit in subsequent stages.

Considering the costs of purchasing seedlings, care and the long ripening period, the income will be small in the first years. Vegetable crops planted between rows will help break even, but will take nutrients from the soil and will require additional fertilizing.

Having endured a difficult period in raising the garden, the owners are looking for sales of their products. Hazelnuts are used in many fields of activity, in cooking, cosmetology, oils are made from it and simply eaten.

Merchants sell products wholesale or process them. For example, shelled nuts are more expensive, but roasted and packaged nuts provide additional income growth. The peel is used as a source of energy obtained by burning. Ash is an excellent fertilizer.

Poultry farm

Domestic chickens and eggs are in demand in all regions. Poultry meat is lean and easily digestible. When opening a business related to raising animals, they carefully prepare. Consultations with veterinarians and experienced farmers are required to help you choose chickens and tell you which breeds are best for meat and which for eggs.

The activity is profitable, pays off in 2 months. In general, income depends on the size of the farm; the larger the farm, the higher the income, but the starting investment will also increase.

For successful development and increased sales, the poultry is provided with optimal living conditions. They are fed with their own plant food. This is inexpensive; maintaining a small plot of corn and cereals will provide the birds with what they need; the rest can be purchased.

BBQcash experts recommend regular veterinary control, as there are known cases of infection with viral infections and other diseases that make meat unfit for food.

Milk farm

Milk is a tasty and healthy product when it comes to fresh cow or goat milk. Experts have calculated that keeping an ordinary cow is unprofitable; the animal eats a lot, takes up space, and requires extensive pastures. They propose to raise a new species, dwarf cows. This promising project is underdeveloped and there is practically no competition. The quality of the product is excellent and it lasts longer than regular milk.

The costs of preparing structures and their equipment are lower, the size of pastures is reduced or more heads are taken. One dwarf cow produces 6-8 liters per day. It is important to use high-quality natural food, regularly call a doctor for checks, and give the animals the opportunity to move.

Freezing vegetables and fruits

A beginner can easily cope with such a business; the main investments are in equipment for washing, drying, freezing and packaging. Production payback is 2 months.

By growing their own products, they receive high profits. To start, it is permissible to use purchased raw materials. Especially at the first stage, when sales markets have not been developed and storage space is expensive. Industrial freezers require additional premises with proper organization and equipment.

Mushrooms

Growing oyster mushrooms or champignons is not difficult. The main costs will go to creating conditions and greenhouses. Mushroom crops love high humidity, coolness and twilight. Electricity savings are guaranteed.

Oyster mushrooms are grown on stumps, champignons on bags with a special composition. Having prepared the premises and introduced the mycelium, they are looking for sales. Products spoil quickly, so deliveries are planned in advance.

If a surplus occurs, equipment for conservation is purchased.

Packaging of black soil

Not all regions of Russia are rich in fertile soil; many gardeners have to buy soil for growing crops. Having an allotment of high-quality substance, they organize packaging and deliveries to neighboring areas.

Rabbits

Raising rabbits is a profitable business. The meat of cute animals is a healthy dietary product, popular and always in demand. Setting up a business is inexpensive; it is enough to have a small warm shed for winter maintenance; in the summer, the cages are taken outside.

You will need to consult a veterinarian to select meat breeds and then constantly monitor the health of the animals. Rabbits are very sickly.

To reduce the risk of death, they get two types of rabbits, meat and fur, or choose a transitional breed.

Animal nutrition must be natural and balanced. For marketing, you will need documentation on the health status of the animals issued by a doctor.

Beekeeping

A complex type of activity that requires skills and knowledge in its field. Caring for hives and bee colonies is daily work.

Be sure to take houses to fields where insects will collect nectar. They agree on this in advance with neighboring farms. Bees pollinate flowering crops, and the beekeeper receives honey. For example, sage and lavender. Honey is stored in debt and is expensive. A promising and profitable type of business for experts.

Fish farm

Fresh fish is an infrequent guest on the tables of city residents. They eat defrosted or salted seafood. There is little benefit in such products, so fish farms are thriving.

Breeding takes time and investment. It is necessary to purchase a fry, feed it, and monitor its health. Having raised the pets to sexual maturity, they create conditions for spawning. Catching for sale begins when the juveniles have grown up. Sales are sought in advance, since the product is perishable.

BBQcash experts explain:

Not all possible ideas for business in the village were considered, only the best and least competitive ones. Each offering varies depending on the type of product being grown. For example, we will replace hazelnuts with an apple or plum orchard; instead of tomatoes and cucumbers, strawberries are grown in greenhouses. To deal with freezing, it is desirable to have a forest or swampy area nearby for collecting berries, which are valued in the southern regions.

Cultivation of apple trees

What is apple growing as a business? The soil for planting trees must be prepared in the fall. To do this, it is plowed and then fertilized with organic fertilizer. In the spring, at the time of planting, they also add a little manure and about 40 g of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers per hole.

The row spacing is usually 3-4 m, and the distance between plants in a row is 1.5-2 m. These parameters largely depend on the technology of pruning the tree and the type of its shape.

A seedling is placed in a prepared hole with parameters of 0.6 X 0.6 m, sprinkled with earth, and then watered abundantly with water.

Care

People often ask experts: “How to get a high yield of apples per hectare?” If you are in the apple business, you will have to learn some tree care techniques.

Firstly, it is advisable to place supports under the apple trees. This technique will ensure not only the even structure of the plant, but also protect it from powerful winds that can break the branches.

Secondly, this is the constant elimination of grass and weeds between the rows. This can be done using a lawn mower.

Thirdly, this is systematic watering: with your own hands or using a drip irrigation device.

Fourthly, this is the correct pruning of trees.

Fifthly, this is the treatment of plants with insect repellents. For this purpose, insecticides are used: Glyphosate, Simazine, Fosulen, Curb, Roundup and others.

With proper care, your garden will turn into a sustainable business for many years to come. If you already have a perennial garden whose yield is too low, then you can use special techniques to maintain it. You only need to replace old apple trees with new varieties, gradually rejuvenating your planting.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of a vegetable seedling business include the following:

• constant demand for goods regardless of the time of year;
• low start-up costs; you can start growing vegetables even with a minimum supply of funds;
• by growing products in a greenhouse, they can be both sold and consumed, due to confidence in the quality of the product;
• With proper implementation of the product, all initial costs will be recouped in just one year.

Vegetable growing also has some pitfalls that must be taken into account when creating your own seedling business. It is worth considering that in the cold season the greenhouse needs to be heated, in addition, the plants require a constant source of light. All these costs for electricity and heating for seedlings need to be calculated in advance. In warm seasons, finding permanent outlets for selling seedlings and vegetables will be much more difficult than in winter.

Search for clients, deliver vegetables, do accounting - all this must be done independently and with maximum thoughtfulness.

Apple collection and storage

Don't know when to harvest your apples? When drawing up an apple business plan, you need to add to the costs the costs of personnel for picking this fruit. As a rule, harvesting begins from September to November.

To avoid damage, apples are picked by hand. After all, defective fruits quickly rot and have to be thrown away. The stalk is preserved when harvested. Picked apples are stored in boxes (plastic or wooden) and covered with paper to increase shelf life. Winter varieties, after being sent for storage, also ripen for some time. Usually the harvest is kept in basements.

What is best to grow in a greenhouse?

It is not recommended to independently monitor what is best to grow from vegetable crops in a greenhouse. Agronomic experience is needed in this matter. The best option is to consult with an agronomist technologist about getting the maximum benefit from a particular vegetable, including its variety. If a businessman initially plans to cooperate with large wholesalers, then the best solution would be to grow tomatoes with a long shelf life.

For retail sales, the best herbs include dill, parsley, various types of lettuce and celery. In addition, it is beneficial to grow strawberries and radishes in a greenhouse. In the spring season you can make good money from seedlings. Many entrepreneurs advise entering into an agreement for the supply of salad with the owners of catering establishments.

Sales markets

Where to put the apple harvest? There are two basic directions for selling this fruit:

1. Retail sales: bakeries, markets, individuals.
2. Wholesale sales: apple buyers, dried fruit factories, large grocery store chains, canning factories.

In winter, the price of apples increases by 50%. In the form of additional income, you can produce and package dried fruits based on apples, which are purchased by many cafes and restaurants, as well as people at food markets.

Business creation ideas for car owners

The most common option for car owners to own their own business is a private cab or local taxi. In rural areas, this is an excellent way to travel at affordable prices, because the transport interchange in any town or village is not very developed. It is imperative to take into account that the cost of the trip and monthly earnings must cover gasoline and gas, as well as depreciation of the car.

Such a business will be most effective in an area where there are not only rural residents, but also urban summer residents. To implement this idea, you need to post advertisements around the village, create advertisements on Internet resources and repair the car while waiting for customers to call.

If you have a car, you can take orders for food products from neighbors, elderly people, and deliver goods to your home for a small percentage. Often, goods such as clothing, household chemicals, food, canned goods, etc. are in demand.

Profitability

The price of seedlings ranges from $3 to $9 per piece (from 200 to 600 rubles). Also, in accordance with the business plan, you need to take into account the following cost items: taxes, expenses for fertilizers and soil preparation, purchase of tools, organization of supports and watering.

Among the constant expenses, we can highlight the costs of seasonal workers, which include harvesters and security.

The payback period for apple commerce is approximately 4-5 years. Its profitability reaches 100%.

1 kg of apples at the market costs approximately $1 (67 rubles). In winter, this amount can be increased by 50%. As you can see, being in the apple business is very profitable. There are risks here, but the impressive profitability attracts a large number of entrepreneurs.

Financial side of business

Vegetable growing is considered a fairly profitable business if properly organized. Initially, the entrepreneur will need about 600,000 rubles. This money will be enough to purchase plants, construct and fully equip the greenhouse, as well as pay salaries to employees, if hiring staff is included in the business plan.

In addition, it is worth considering that a certain amount is required for monthly expenses, including the purchase of fertilizers, necessary equipment, as well as payments for electricity and heating. In general, it will cost about 30,000–40,000 rubles.

Growing vegetables brings a lot of income, depending on the methods of selling products and business development. The average monthly profit is 100,000–200,000 rubles. A business based on these products, organized on a personal plot and with minimal investment, will pay off in less than a year. Large greenhouse farms will bring stable profits and will return an impressive initial investment to the businessman in just 3 years.

Risks

It is known that current methods of growing apples produce the first harvest after a year. Every entrepreneur wants to recoup their investments as quickly as possible. Today, the basic share of the apple market is occupied by Turkish and Polish products. Local supplies are equal to a maximum of 30%.

Cultivating a garden will require considerable finances. In addition, agricultural commerce has a certain percentage of risk due to weather instability. Thus, frost or drought can destroy the harvest and cause irreversible damage to the business.

However, today methods have been developed that can help reduce unpleasant consequences. We are talking about overhead irrigation (reduces the effects of frost in the spring) and drip irrigation (prevents drought from damaging the crop).

Growing technologies

There are the following growing methods:

• Medium-sized rootstocks.
• Extensive.
• Intensive orchard.

The extensive method is used in 70% of cases. It gives a harvest 6 years after planting and is classic. As a result, it is possible to bring a business to a sufficient level only in 7-9 years. And during all this time, active care is required: hilling, pruning, watering, protection from pests. It follows that the profitable part looks very vague.

Another thing is intensive use with drip irrigation. In this case, the first harvest can be obtained within 2-3 years. This method of cultivation is based on planting tall varieties of apple trees on dwarf rootstocks. This allows the frequency of planting to be increased to 5000 seedlings per 1 hectare. In addition, a special crown pruning technique is used to avoid shading of nearby trees. But this method also has disadvantages:

• The need to install an irrigation system, as well as frequent watering.
• The root system is located in the top layer of soil, which means that even at –10 °C the crop can die.
• Special crown pruning.

But the above disadvantages pale in comparison to the following advantages:

• Fast harvest time (2-3 years after planting).
• High yield of apples. From 1 hectare in Russia you can collect up to 50 tons.
• The convenient height of the crown allows you to effectively treat the tree from pests and easily collect fruits.

This method is popular in the West and has been successfully used for quite a long time. Winter unpretentious varieties are suitable for it. These include:

• Champion;
• Gloucester;
• Idared;
• Golden Delicious and others.

As for rootstocks, the most popular are:

• M-9 – dwarf type. The first fruits appear after a couple of years.
• MM-106 - belongs to the semi-dwarf type, frost resistance is much higher than that of M-9.

Apple tree productivity

What is the yield of apples from one tree? The most fertile varieties are:

• Zelenyak;
• Parmen golden winter;
• Renet Simirenko;
• Calville snowy;
• Antonovka vulgare;
• Renet champagne;
• Sarah Sinap;
• Butskoe.

From the last four you can remove up to 500 kg of fruit from the tree, from the others - up to 300 kg. The well-known varieties Astrakhan Red and Kursk Renet Golden are slightly less productive.

Apple tree commerce is convenient due to the variety of fruits. They can be of any shape, color - all possible shades of green, yellow, red. Weight and parameters also vary depending on the variety - from 70 g to 400 g. The aroma and taste characteristics also have an impressive range - from sour to sweet.

Moreover, some varieties begin to bear fruit after the first year of planting. The most productive apple orchard is considered to be the varieties Antonovka ordinary, Renet champagne, and Zelenyak.

Astrakhan red and Renet golden Kursk are distinguished by average fertility.

Preparing the garden using an intensive method

Let's consider growing apple trees using intensive technology. To implement such a business plan, you will need a flat plot of land with extremely fertile soil and the possibility of using drip irrigation. Trees are well planted in medium loams, black soil, and dark gray forest soil.

In carbonate soil, apple trees do not bear fruit for long. The soil composition of this substance should not exceed 12%.

Planting seedlings

This stage is carried out in the first months of spring or in October. Seedlings will require holes with a diameter of 0.5 m. To dig holes of the required size, it is better to use a tractor with special attachments.

The planting configuration looks like this: on dwarf rootstocks there are 4 m between rows, between plants in the same row the distance is 0.6-2 m.

If you chose the M-9 rootstock, then you can allow 4 m between the rows. But in this case, large-sized equipment will not pass here.

After planting is completed, you need to install a drip irrigation structure.

What type of business to choose

First of all, you should proceed from where the plot of land is located and how it was previously used. If you purchase land or lease it, then, as a rule, you already know what and how it will be used. However, there are cases when land is inherited or in the area where you have a dacha or rural house, the land is sold for cheap or rented out for a long period, also at a small price. Only a person who has never been involved in business or has no plans, or simply does not see the benefits in the future, can fail to take advantage of such a situation.

The size of the plot is also important. For example, a small plot of land of less than one hectare is unlikely to be advisable to use for sowing wheat; renting and transporting equipment will be more expensive than the expected profit. However, if this site is located on the banks of a river or lake, near a forest or in another picturesque place, then a recreation center for tourists can be set up here. There will always be several houses for vacationers who want to fish, go pick mushrooms, or swim in a river or pond.

For small plots of land with agricultural purposes, several applications can be found. This is growing, for example, vegetables, herbs for sale, installing greenhouses, growing medicinal plants, installing an apiary, and even planting a garden. It all depends on which area of ​​activity you are most passionate about, because as you know, an unloved activity has a corresponding attitude.

Crown trimming

Seedlings may already have crowns at the time of planting. In this case, pruning must be done before they are in the ground. If there are no crowns, prune at a height of slightly less than a meter from ground level. During the growth of seedlings, remove root shoots (up to 0.6 m of tree trunk height). The crown should externally resemble a rounded spindle with a base of 3 m. This stage requires the installation of support trellises.

Profit and costs

The intensive cultivation technique allows you to quickly develop an apple orchard in the form of a business. You will receive your first income in three years. One-time expenses amount to about 5 million rubles. This amount includes the purchase of seedlings and equipment, business registration, installation of supports, soil preparation, and creation of drip irrigation.

Annual expenses include: watering, fertilizing, garden protection, and labor costs for harvesting. In the first year you can already receive 750,000 rubles. arrived. Thus, each apple tree will bear 8 kg of fruit.

Step-by-step launch instructions

1. Registration . If you intend to engage only in the cultivation of nuts, such activity must be registered in the form of a personal subsidiary plot or a peasant farm. The first option is suitable when the total land area does not exceed one hectare. If the land plot is larger, then it is necessary to open a peasant farm. To carry out further processing of nuts, you will need to register as an individual entrepreneur or LLC. If you want to expand production in the future, then immediately go through all the bureaucratic procedures. Then you won’t have to waste time and money on paperwork. Use OKPD “Fruits of other fruit trees, shrubs and nuts” as a classifier. The cost of processing all documents will not exceed 2,000 rubles.
2. Land plot. Since the business is designed for the long term, the best option would be to buy land. The soil should be loamy or sandy loam. If it does not meet the specified requirements, it will have to be prepared before planting trees. The site should be in a well-lit place. The cost of land will be approximately 400,000 rubles.
3. Equipment, planting material. This expense item will include the following items (approximate cost is indicated in rubles): purchase of trees - 90,000; rent of a machine for harvesting – 30,000; agricultural equipment and implements – 40,000; irrigation system – 80,000; fertilizers – 30,000.
4. Staff . As for personnel, there is no need to hire people for permanent work. You will need the help of seasonal workers: for planting seedlings - 5 people (60,000 rubles at a time); for tree care - 2 people (120,000 rubles for 4 years); for harvesting - at least 10 people (100,000 rubles per season). Thus, the cost of paying hired workers for three years, during which the trees will grow until the first fruiting begins, plus the season when the nuts will be collected, will amount to approximately 280,000 rubles. There is no need to hire an accountant; the manager of the enterprise can perform the duties of this specialist independently.
5. Advertising, searching for buyers. Such products do not require large-format advertising, so the most you should pay attention to is to offer your product to processing enterprises. But you can order business cards that indicate the varieties of nuts that you grow, so that buyers understand what they are offered. Advertising costs will be approximately 2,000 rubles.