List of areas of activity: a detailed overview of commercial and non-commercial areas in the Russian Federation

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Opening your own enterprise means not only starting to work for yourself, but also taking the chance to discover personal entrepreneurial opportunities, take control of financial control, and control over the use of your own time. In this matter, the most difficult period is the planning period for the business area, since the success of the chosen path will depend on it. Not many entrepreneurs at the start of opening a business have firm confidence in their choice. Most aspiring businessmen are at a loss trying to decide, studying different areas of activity.

The role of small business

It is best to expand gradually, starting with the smallest. Therefore, experts recommend that future entrepreneurs first open a small business. He will teach you a lot, from the ability to run your own business to the correct distribution of your own strengths and capabilities. When a person has some experience, working with high speeds is much easier.

Surely everyone has seen commercials on TV about supporting small businesses. The state helps in every possible way to develop various sectors of business, since the formation of the country’s economy directly depends on this. Small businesses also help fight unemployment, introduce more new products to the market and achieve scientific and technological progress. Based on this, it can be argued that entrepreneurial activity in the country is the most important indicator of socio-economic development.

Characteristics of each sphere of public life

Society interacts with each other in different areas:

Social sphere of society

These are relations between different social groups of people, as well as the activities of the state aimed at guaranteeing an adequate standard of living to those citizens who need it.

The main tasks of the social sphere include providing equal opportunities in the education system, healthcare, professional activities, etc.

The spiritual sphere of society

Concerns the accumulation and education of moral and spiritual values of subsequent generations of society.

The spiritual sphere includes such elements as:

culture;
morality;
religion;
art;
the science.

Economic sphere of society

The set of economic relations that create the conditions for the physical existence of society.

What is economics?

Economics is the science that studies how different groups (individuals, businesses, and governments) can allocate their resources to satisfy their needs to the maximum benefit; indicators such as production, distribution and consumption of goods and services are often the subject of study.

Political sphere of society

The political sphere of society seeks to resolve inequalities in the rights of citizens when the interests of different groups of people diverge. Includes activities and relationships between:

civil societies;
political organizations;
states;
all institutions exercising public authority; and etc.

In the Russian Federation, part of the political sphere of society is:

the president;
presidential office;
Parliament (Federal Assembly);
government (and its apparatus);
local authorities;
political parties (including those that are not part of the state);
public organizations;
army;
police, prosecutors and courts;
tax service.

What business sectors are currently popular?

The most profitable business today is considered to be one based on the distribution of consumer goods. This is what is required constantly: dietary supplements, medications, detergents, cosmetics and much more. When it runs out, customers will buy it again. Also, food products will always be in demand, since a person needs to eat to live - this is natural. Clothes, shoes, and car parts are also important goods in everyday life. So the demand for all these groups of goods will never fall.

Advertising companies are of particular interest. Promotion is required by everyone without exception, even the smallest entrepreneurs. Entertainment services are also among the popular and in-demand business sectors.

The Internet deserves special attention. Firstly, this is the same advertising on websites. They pay quite large sums for it. However, the Internet resource must be promoted, and the number of visitors per day must correspond to a certain figure. Secondly, you can open stores on the sites. This is beneficial, since there is no need to pay rent for the premises, as is the case with a real trading platform. The most promising market today is the sale of information products. In general, Internet projects are notable for the fact that they do not require large financial investments. Here it is important to learn on your own to promote your business, devote time to studying this segment and work on your brainchild.

It is impossible not to mention the restaurant business. Whatever one may say, in the modern world there are more and more people who find it easier to order ready-made food than to spend the evening alone with pots. These include full-fledged restaurants, cafes and bistros, as well as small shops selling hot and cold drinks, ice cream, snacks, confectionery and so on. For example, in big cities you can often see “Take your coffee with you” kiosks. Such a business requires little investment, and the prospects for its development are quite high.

How to choose a field of activity

It is very important for a person to “find himself” in this life and a business in which he can realize himself 100%. If for some reason a person does not apply himself correctly, then at best he will plunge into an endless search for his destiny, and at worst he will become a failure, doing work that is unnatural for himself, and drag out a miserable and dull existence for the rest of his life. Therefore, it is imperative to take into account your individual characteristics and direct them in the right direction in time. You can become a famous and honored surgeon, build a successful business or lead the country to prosperity only by being in your place. Otherwise, a person will lose both his personal and professional qualities.

You may like: Opening your own bakery and building a business

So, first of all, you need to decide what you like best. Many people do not make decisions on their own; teachers, parents, neighbors and peers do it for them. Compare your desires and capabilities, and then analyze the result. Next, think about the necessary skills you need to do what you love. Maybe you already know how to do something. This may become a direction for your future activities. For example, you really love animals. Now you should consider similar vacancies in the labor market: animal protection, veterinary work, animal care, training, sewing clothes for animals and food supply, it could also be opening your own pet store. As soon as you decide on a profession, begin to develop the necessary skills.

You need to think carefully about choosing a field of activity. The concept of field of activity is much broader than just a profession. You must have an idea of your field as a whole - this will give you the opportunity to master at least five professions in your field. For example, if you are an engineer by profession, you can also work as an administrator, office manager, teacher and consultant. If you study law, you may well become a lawyer in a large company or non-profit organization, the head of a department (not necessarily a legal one), a manager or an author of textbooks. Remember that the field of activity can expand depending on your efforts and desires to develop.

Don't get hung up on one thing. When working on yourself, sometimes you need to break away and look around. For example, many teachers have a good vocabulary, which means they can become excellent editors. Don't stop there. You can learn more about the skills needed for the job you are interested in through books and the Internet. Schools, municipal service centers or universities will also help you choose a profession. They will help you decide in which area you want to continue your education.

Try to find people who are already working in this specialty. This is very useful because you will be able to learn first-hand about the pros and cons of this job. If you're lucky, they'll even let you try to do something yourself for practice. Don’t forget to evaluate and weigh everything you heard, all the pros and cons. It’s better to think twice and make the right decision, taking into account all the factors, than to regret what you did later.

You can enroll in an educational or training program in the specialty you have chosen. This way you can gain valuable experience and meet people in your field. In addition, this will provide an opportunity to take the first steps on the career ladder and meet new people. New subjects will improve your professional skills and open up new horizons for you.

And finally, always be prepared for big changes, try to keep up with the times, despite the difficulties. Don't forget that you are unique, and employers are looking for just such employees.

What should you rely on when choosing an industry?

Apart from cost-effectiveness, there are some other important features to consider. The type of settlement is of great importance. In a town or village, a restaurant with an average bill of 2,000 rubles or the same coffee-to-go kiosk can hardly boast of a large influx of customers. All this is simply not necessary for people with relatively low incomes. So even location matters a lot.

Determining the prospects of a business area

It is important to monitor fashion trends. And this significantly affects the prospects and profitability of the future business. For example, now many people are switching to a healthy lifestyle. In this regard, fitness centers are gaining popularity, and the demand for specialized nutrition and sportswear is growing. In addition, denim items will always be in demand.

When talking about promising business sectors, one cannot fail to mention originality. Any new thing is an opportunity to make good money and promote your business. We need to come up with something that is not yet on the market. Well, or what else is not so promoted. You can search on foreign resources to see what establishments or stores there are in other countries, but in our country this activity has not yet been promoted.

Interest in your business and investment

You should choose a business sector that is interesting. What do you really want to do? No matter how paradoxical it may sound, success awaits a person who loves his job. It is equally important to understand that any business requires investment. If you want to get something, invest it. Even if it’s a tiny amount. As for the financial side of the issue, you can also take out money on credit, but experts still recommend relying on your own savings so that in case of a sad outcome you do not end up in debt. The state helps small businesses - employment centers together with entrepreneurship development organizations issue 59 thousand rubles.

What industries are considered the most promising in our time?

When thinking about something big, you can consider agriculture as a business from scratch. They will buy food in any case. And a healthy lifestyle dictates its own rules. People need natural, tasty, chemical-free products. And only agriculture meets these parameters. Bread, milk, chicken and quail eggs, various types of meat, fish - all this is needed by the consumer. You can grow vegetables and fruits, herbs, and mushrooms. Opening a mini-bakery, building a farm or greenhouse is not as difficult as it seems at first glance.

Sphere in three-dimensional space

Equation of a sphere in a rectangular coordinate system:

( x − x 0 ) 2 + ( y − y 0 ) 2 + ( z − z 0 ) 2 = R 2 , {\displaystyle (x-x_{0})^{2}+(y-y_{0} )^{2}+(z-z_{0})^{2}=R^{2},}

where ( x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) {\displaystyle (x_{0},y_{0},z_{0})} are the coordinates of the center of the sphere, R {\displaystyle R} is its radius.

Parametric equation of a sphere with center at point ( x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) {\displaystyle (x_{0},y_{0},z_{0})} :

{ x = x 0 + R ⋅ sin ⁡ θ ⋅ cos ⁡ ϕ , y = y 0 + R ⋅ sin ⁡ θ ⋅ sin ⁡ ϕ , z = z 0 + R ⋅ cos ⁡ θ , {\displaystyle {\begin{cases }x=x_{0}+R\cdot \sin \theta \cdot \cos \phi ,\\y=y_{0}+R\cdot \sin \theta \cdot \sin \phi ,\\z=z_ {0}+R\cdot \cos \theta ,\\\end{cases}}}

where θ ∈ [ 0 , π ] {\displaystyle \theta \in [0,\pi ]} and ϕ ∈ [ 0 , 2 π ) . {\displaystyle \phi \in [0.2\pi ).}

The Gaussian curvature of the sphere is constant and equal to 1/ R²

Business sectors: list

The most promising activities include:

Small wholesale bases.
Shops (groceries, household chemicals, cosmetics, clothes and shoes, toys).
Market trade.
Repair and construction.
Advertising, website promotion.
Consulting, professional services – accounting, jurisprudence.
Educational services – governesses, tutors.
Medical services - nurse, massage therapist, cosmetologist.
Organization of holidays, including animation, floristry, photography.
Household services for the population - repair of various products, studio.
Restaurant business, including coffee shops, cafes, bistros.
Vending (sale of services and goods through specialized devices).
Hotel business.
Farming.

Let's look at some of the areas in more detail.

Services market

This niche occupies a special place in the list of business sectors. For example, the accounting and auditing industry is growing in popularity along with the development of entrepreneurship. After all, any company needs periodic analysis of the company’s activities, which will help identify existing problems and solve them painlessly.

Catering is the organization of holidays at remote locations, namely the organization of buffets and other outdoor events. This industry is also very popular. As well as web design, copywriting and SEO optimization services. Demand is also growing for the services of cleaning services, security companies, legal offices, repair shops and advertising agencies. You can also consider an option such as a waste disposal business. There is even a saying of one wise man who said that you can make money even from what lies under your feet. However, you should be aware that in some cases this production is classified as a high-hazard class. For example, when working with medical waste.

Commodity specialist

This is a specialist responsible for controlling the quality and quantity of goods. This profession is in demand in trade organizations and customs. The responsibilities of a merchandiser include:

supply and sales plan,
marketing market research,
execution of supply contracts,
acceptance of goods, accounting and work with documentation on trade turnover,
carrying out inventory and accounting.

To work in this profession, you must obtain the appropriate education at a technical school, trade college or university. But there are some groups of products that require specific skills. You can get distance education through merchandising courses.

The salary level depends on the employing organization, on average 25,000, and can reach 105,000.

Production activities

When considering business profitability by industry, this area should be called one of the most promising. However, when choosing a production facility, you should take into account your region of residence and analyze what is popular in a particular city or town. The most promising areas of production are:

products;
essential goods;
medicines;
building materials.

Don't discount handmade. Many people know how to sew, knit, do pottery, and are able to create beautiful accessories, including for hair. So why not take advantage of this?

Interesting ideas

Don't get hung up on something that's already abundant. You need to imagine and improvise! Some interesting modern ideas:

developing designs for various small items, such as flash card cases, as well as creating magnetic items for cars and homes;
purchase of inexpensive cars for subsequent rental;
organization of drawings;
rental of clothes and shoes for various occasions, including festive costumes;
repurposing unwanted clothing, for example, into blankets, bed linen, pillows;
creating interior elements from trash;
organizing travel for groups of people, transport for excursions;
cultivation and sale of medicinal herbs;
organization of a call center;
stalls with coffee, shawarma, confectionery and drinks.

For example, in America there is a “Keep Warm in a Traffic Jam” service, the purpose of which is to courier delivery of food and drinks directly to the customer’s location. Let's say he's stuck in a multi-kilometer traffic jam. And then the food arrives, you can spend your time usefully. Also in the USA, taxis are popular, but not ordinary ones, but bicycle or motorcycle ones. You can quickly bypass these same traffic jams. Educational projects are also very interesting and promising. You can organize clubs, courses or studios to teach people culinary arts, Internet technologies, communication psychology, foreign languages and much more. There are incredibly many profitable business sectors, and the best is the one that will be of interest to the owner.

What is trading

Trade

is a branch of the economy that carries out transactions of purchase and sale or exchange of goods. Trade can be thought of as a route for the movement of goods from the manufacturer to the final consumer. There may be several intermediate sellers in the movement of goods, and the goal of each of them is to make the greatest profit. Trade relations include people who come to the store to buy bread, bakeries that purchase raw materials for baking bread, farms that purchase combines for harvesting wheat, and states that purchase grain. Therefore, almost every organization needs specialists who will effectively manage its trade relations. Specialists are needed in wholesale and retail trade, foreign trade, online trade, advertising, marketing, brand management and other areas.

History
November 4, 1879, 140 years ago, the first cash register was patented.
American James Ritty, the owner of a small cafe in Ohio, repeatedly accused his barmen of theft. Monitoring employees while he was away proved difficult. Therefore, he and his brother invented and designed the first cash register, which recorded every transaction on a metal disk. The inventor was given a hint by a device he saw on a ship: it automatically read every revolution of the motor shaft. Now the device recorded all purchases, thefts disappeared, and the owner’s income increased. Today there are many inventions, new products and marketing moves in the trading sphere, let's look at what trading is like today and how it may change in the future.

Trade

is a dynamically developing sector; retail trade employs approximately 10% of the working population of our country. A salesperson is the second most common profession in Russia (after a driver). The largest number of employees is involved in the activities of supermarkets and retail chains. For example, the X5 Retail Group, which owns the Pyaterochka, Perekrestok, and Karusel brands, simultaneously employs 280 thousand employees.

Each person can open their own retail outlet, online store and start trading. But only those stores will be able to win in the competition who offer the client the most attractive product: in terms of price, quality, and emotions from the purchase.