Composition, frequency and deadlines for submitting financial statements by commercial organizations

Based on the accounting law, all enterprises, except budgetary ones, must provide annual reports in accordance with the constituent documents. Reporting is submitted to: founders, participants of the enterprise, property owners, statistical authorities at the place of their registration. Budgetary enterprises submit reports to bodies authorized to manage state property.

Reporting is provided to executive authorities, banks, and other users in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Quarterly reporting is provided within 30 days after the end of the quarter, annual reporting – 90 days after the end of the quarter. Annual reporting is approved in the manner established by the constituent documents. The reporting date is considered to be the day of actual submission, or the date of departure indicated on the post office stamp. If the reporting submission date falls on a non-working day, then the submission deadline is considered to be the day following it.

When accepting reporting documentation, the tax authority has no right to refuse to accept the documents. They must accept it and put a mark of acceptance and the date of its acceptance. If reporting is sent by post, the sender must have a receipt for the documents.

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Note 1

The annual reporting of enterprises is open to interested users: banks, investors, creditors, who can familiarize themselves with the reporting and receive copies of it.

Reporting periods for 6-NDFL in 2017

Clause 2 of Article 230 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation provides that for the purpose of submitting the calculation of 6-NDFL in 2020, the reporting periods are:

• 1 quarter;
• half year;
• 9 months;
• year.

Accordingly, based on the results of these reporting periods, calculations must be submitted to the Federal Tax Service using Form 6-NDFL. Moreover, if the last day for filing 6-NDFL falls on a weekend or a non-working holiday, then the calculation is submitted on the next working day (Clause 7, Article 6.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated December 21, 2015 No. BS-4-11/ 22387). Accordingly, some 6-NDFL deadlines may be postponed.

Accounting statements - procedure for submission

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Accounting statements are a mandatory document, which is compiled based on the results of the reporting period (year or quarter) and transferred to several interested parties, primarily the tax inspectorate. Further, to the founder and other participants of the legal entity providing reporting (in accordance with the constituent documents), as well as other persons in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation. Any officially registered enterprise is required to submit annual financial statements within 90 days of the end of the year. Quarterly reporting can be provided no more than 30 days after the end of the reporting period. The founders and other interested parties receive financial statements within the period established by the participants or founders of an organization or company.

• The exact date of presentation of financial statements can be determined:
• upon the transfer of documents to the relevant authorities or structures
• according to the date indicated on the stamp of the postal organization (it should be remembered that if such a day falls on a calendar weekend, then the first next working day will be considered the day of reporting).

Accounting statements are an open document (enterprises, however, have the right not to publish information that may constitute a commercial secret).
It can be accessed upon special request by investors, banks, lenders, suppliers and other buyers. Information of this nature is provided free of charge, minus the costs of copying, transportation, etc. Financial statements ready for submission must be certified by the signatures of the general director and chief accountant. Within the period established by law, the tax authorities issue an audit report, which indicates the reliability of the information provided in the financial statements. This information is later transmitted to the ministries of economics and finance. Related articles:

• Types of financial statements
• Requirements for financial statements
• General concept of financial statements
• What are financial statements made up of?
• The meaning of the explanatory note in the financial statements
• Accounting statements of commercial enterprises
• Accounting statements of budgetary enterprises
• Who and why should be able to read financial statements?
• Difference between accounting and financial statements
• Accounting statements of the reorganized company
• Summary (consolidated) financial statements
• Consolidated financial statements - rules for formation
• Public accounting reporting
• Accounting statements - preparation procedure
• A simplified version of the financial statements of small enterprises

Due dates in 2020: table

In 2020, taxpayers (organizations and individual entrepreneurs) need to submit an annual calculation of 6-NDFL for 2020 to the Federal Tax Service. According to the requirements of paragraph 2 of Article 230 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the annual 6-NDFL must be submitted no later than April 1. However, April 1 and 2, 2017 are Saturday and Sunday and tax offices are closed on these days. Therefore, the annual calculation of 6-NDFL for 2020 can be submitted no later than April 3, 2020.

As for the reporting periods of 2020, we present the deadlines for submitting 6-NDFL in the table:

Responsible for submitting financial statements

The person responsible for the preparation and submission of financial statements is either the chief accountant of the company, or the head of the company (this is the case when the company does not have a chief accountant on staff), or a specialized company with which you have an agreement for the maintenance and preparation of accounting and reporting.

As a rule, the head of a company does not have enough knowledge about accounting, and therefore does not have the skills to prepare reports.

The company's chief accountant, of course, must have reporting skills, but as a rule he works alone, no one can check him, and he will indicate the figures in your balance sheet that he considers necessary. Therefore, of course, a situation may arise that your profit will be lost or your loss will be inflated, etc.

Maintaining accounting records by companies that provide you with remote accounting under a contract is the most economical and correct option. As a rule, such companies employ specialists of various qualifications who will not only check each other’s work, but also tell them how to competently get out of a difficult situation.

Form 6-NDFL in 2020

The form for calculating 6-NDFL in 2020 has not changed. Actually, the tax authorities did not plan to approve the new form of calculation of 6-NDFL for 2020 and did not publish any projects in this regard. Therefore, in 2020, the calculation in form 6-NDFL must be submitted in the previous form, which was approved by Order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated October 14, 2015 No. ММВ-7-11/450 “On approval of the form for calculating the amounts of personal income tax calculated and withheld by the tax agent (Form 6-NDFL), the procedure for filling it out and submitting it, as well as the format for presenting the calculation of the amounts of personal income tax calculated and withheld by the tax agent in electronic form.” This form was also used in 2020. The new format for calculating 6-NDFL for 2020 has also not been approved. Therefore, there should be no changes in the electronic submission of 6-NDFL in 2020.

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Taxpayer's reporting obligation

Reporting submitted to the tax authorities is divided into two blocks: tax reporting (tax returns and calculations of advance tax payments (hereinafter referred to as calculation)) and accounting reporting.

In accordance with subparagraphs 4 and 5 of paragraph 1 of Article 23 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), taxpayers are required to submit tax returns (calculations) in the prescribed manner to the tax authority at the place of registration, if such an obligation is provided for by the legislation on taxes and fees.

They are also required to submit financial statements to the tax authority at the location of the organization in accordance with the requirements established by Federal Law No. 129-FZ dated November 21, 1996 (as amended on November 28, 2011) “On Accounting” (hereinafter referred to as Law No. 129-FZ), except for cases when organizations, in accordance with this law, are exempt from accounting.

Responsibility for failure to submit tax returns is established by Article 119 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Failure to submit a tax return entails the collection of a fine in the amount of 5% of the unpaid amount of tax subject to payment (surcharge) on the basis of this declaration, for each full or partial month from the day established for its submission, but not more than 30% of the specified amount and not less than 1,000 rubles

Responsibility for failure to submit financial statements is established in clause 1 of Article 126 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Failure by the taxpayer to submit documents and (or) other information provided for by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation to the tax authorities within the prescribed period, if such an act does not contain signs of tax offenses provided for in Art. 119 and art. 129.4 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, entails a fine of 200 rubles for each document not submitted.

Rules for filling out reports

When filling out the report, you must follow some rules:

• Tax amounts are always indicated only in whole numbers, without kopecks. If the tax has a fractional part greater than 50 kopecks, then an increase of 1 ruble occurs, if less, it is discarded.
• Income and expenses that were received in foreign currency are indicated on the basis of the exchange rate determined by the Central Bank on the dates of receipt and expenditure;
• If an error is made, then you cannot use a tool like “Stroke” or similar ones to correct it. You need to fill out this sheet again;
• The report is printed on only one side of the sheet. Double-sided printing is not permitted;
• If the report is stapled, then this must be done carefully in the very corner of the document, without damaging the sheets.
• If a digital value is written in a column, then the numbers must be entered starting from the leftmost cell. All remaining blanks must be crossed out at the end;
• If filling out the report by hand on a blank form, then this must be done with a pen with black, purple or blue ink.

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Reporting in 2020 for LLCs and individual entrepreneurs: deadlines, general table for LLCs, simplified tax system, UTII, unified agricultural tax

Should I submit zero 6-personal income tax?

There is no need to submit a blank report to the Federal Tax Service In accordance with 6-NDFL, instructions for filling out are not necessary:

• When in the reporting period under review, even if there were employees, they were not accrued and paid income.
• If the individual entrepreneur or organization does not have hired employees.
• During the reporting period, the business entity did not carry out activities.

This point is mentioned in several explanatory letters prepared by the tax authorities. However, in such situations, it is advisable to still send explanatory letters to the Federal Tax Service, which justify the reason for the failure to submit the report.

For companies where the manager is the only employee, it is necessary to submit reports in the prescribed form. If you ignore this point, then administrative measures may be applied to the organization.

A company is exempt from filing 6NDFL only if no payments were accrued or made to the director.

6-NDFL instructions for filling out establishes that zero reporting on this form exists. It needs to include:

• Title page.
• Section 1, where all indicators are 0.
• Section 2 - you can not complete it at all, or you can cross out all the provided columns.

Reporting methods

The law establishes the following methods of reporting:

• Submission of the 6-NDFL report on paper - the inspector is given two copies of the report, after which he checks it and puts an acceptance mark on one of them and transfers it to the representative of the tax agent. This method is available only for a business entity if it has no more than 25 employees.
• The 6-NDFL form is submitted via an electronic communication channel. To do this, you must have an electronic digital signature (EDS), an agreement with a special communications operator, and a specialized program.

Submission of documents

As mentioned above, it is not necessary to submit an enterprise’s intra-annual documentation for inspection (with the exception of some organizations whose activities are regulated by separate federal laws).

Within the established deadline for submitting annual financial statements - usually three months - a package of prepared documents is submitted to the tax service and, according to the new edition of the law “On Accounting”, to the State Statistics Committee.

For example, accounting data for 2020 should have been submitted by March 31, 2020. The time limit for filing quarterly reports is thirty days after the end of the quarter.

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Passing the audit

Some categories of enterprises must undergo an audit before providing financial documentation. But now, when submitting documents to the tax service within the established deadlines for submitting annual financial statements, they do not submit an audit report. True, the audit data must be provided to the State Statistics Committee; in addition, the audit report should be published along with other information.

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Data storage

The duration of storage of enterprise documentation is provided for in Federal Law No. 402-FZot 06.12.2011. In this case, the management of the enterprise can increase the specified period if necessary. The storage period for financial statements is at least five years.

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What and when to take

The composition of accounting reports in 2020 is regulated by Part 1 of Art. 14 of the Law on Accounting No. 402-FZ.

Composition and content of tax reporting

Tax reporting is a set of tax returns that the taxpayer is obliged to submit to the tax authorities at the place of tax registration within the established time frame.

In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 80 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, a tax return is a written statement or application, compiled in electronic form and transmitted via telecommunication channels using an electronic digital signature, of the taxpayer about the objects of taxation, about income received and expenses incurred, about sources of income, about the tax base, tax benefits , about the calculated amount of tax and (or) about other data serving as the basis for the calculation and payment of tax.

A tax return is submitted by each taxpayer for each tax payable.

The calculation of the advance payment is a statement by the taxpayer about the calculation base, the benefits used, the calculated amount of the advance payment and (or) other data that serves as the basis for the calculation and payment of the advance payment. The calculation of the advance payment is presented in cases provided for by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation in relation to a specific tax.

A taxpayer for one or more taxes, who does not carry out transactions that result in the movement of funds in his bank accounts (at the organization's cash desk), and who does not have objects of taxation for these taxes, submits a single (simplified) tax return for these taxes.

Tax returns for those taxes for which taxpayers are exempt from the obligation to pay them due to the use of special tax regimes - a simplified taxation system, a single tax on imputed income and a single agricultural tax - are not subject to submission to the tax authorities.

The forms and procedure for filling out tax declaration forms (calculations), as well as the formats and procedure for submitting tax returns (calculations) in electronic form, are approved by the Federal Tax Service in agreement with the Ministry of Finance of Russia separately for each tax.

The taxpayer or his representative signs the tax return (calculation), confirming the accuracy and completeness of the information specified in it.

The deadlines for submitting tax returns to the tax authorities for the tax period and calculating advance payments for reporting periods are established by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation separately for each tax.

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