What equipment for the production of T-shirts will you need when starting a business?

Organizational structure

A fun and simple idea that requires a very serious approach. To create a competent T-shirt printing business plan, you need to decide on the organizational structure and other administrative issues.

• Area: 30 sq. meters (production workshop and warehouse).
• Premises: rent.
• Number of jobs: 2.
• Opening hours: from 10:00 to 19:00.
• Form of ownership: individual entrepreneur.

There is no need to register a limited liability company for this business. In this case, an individual entrepreneur is better suited. It's simpler, cheaper and more rational. In addition, the main audience for product consumption is private individuals who do not care about the form of ownership of the seller. Until you reach wholesale suppliers and multimillion-dollar revenue, it is enough to work as an individual entrepreneur with several hired workers. The activity is not subject to mandatory licensing.

Accounting will be carried out by the individual entrepreneur himself through an online service.

Before opening a T-shirt printing production, you must go through the following organizational stages:

*The rental price is indicated for the first 6 months, then the rental payment is calculated monthly.

To register a business, you will need 196,050. In addition to organizational costs, you will most likely have to update the appearance of the rented premises and make cosmetic repairs. It will cost about 30,000 rubles. In total, you will have to spend 226,050 rubles on all initial costs.

How to start a business printing images on mugs and T-shirts

Above you learned the nuances of creating a business on T-shirts and mugs. Below, we will describe step by step how to organize it.

Stage 1. Premises

If you are just starting to print on T-shirts, you can use a few square meters of your apartment for this. This one is good because you don’t have to pay rent for the premises. But you need to understand that vapors from evaporated paint have a negative impact on health. Carcinogenic substances present in dyes can lead to serious illnesses. Therefore, it is better to find equipment for printing on mugs

a room with good ventilation. The place where you will place the printer and heat press must comply with fire safety standards and meet the requirements of the SES.

The advantage of this business is that it does not require large production areas. A room of 8–15 square meters is enough. You also need to get a showroom where you will display your products. 2-3 meters in a shopping center is enough for him. The more traffic, the better for your business. The fact is that most customers will order your products spontaneously. Indulging in the momentary desire to have a nice T-shirt or mug.

To rent a few meters in a shopping center you need:

• Purchase racks and other commercial equipment.
• Pay staff salaries.

You can reduce costs by organizing a family business. Put your wife (or husband) behind the counter. The husband will be engaged in production.

Stage 2. Equipment

The most popular method of image transfer is sublimation. Another good thing is that the equipment for this printing method is available both in price and in terms of offers. Basically, all you need is a computer, a 6-color printer and a heat press.

If you are going to use other methods, you will need a T-shirt printing machine

.

Using sublimation, fabric is impregnated with paint and fixed using high temperatures. If you use durable paints, you can get high quality products. The picture will become bright and noticeable to others.

T-shirt printing as a business requires two main units:

• A printer. You can use regular printers for photo printing. If its format is not A4, but a larger A3, then this will help to print on large areas. What will help you win the competition from those involved in “handicraft” printing. It's no secret that standard-sized printers are found in almost every home today. Such devices from Brother, DreamJet, Samsung, HP and others are especially popular.
• Heat press. If the printer can be purchased at any computer store, then there may be problems with the availability of the heat press. Such equipment is a horizontal heated plate. For mugs, the heat press has a rounded platform. There are universal 2 in 1 models. But it is better to purchase them separately. Especially if you are going to specialize in one thing. Although in this business it is better to have a wider range of products. When buying a heat press, pay attention to the temperature range with which such equipment can operate. The larger it is, the more materials the heat press will transfer paint to. The most popular equipment on the market for such products is Bulros, Insta HTP and Transfer Kit.

In addition to this equipment, business printing on T-shirts requires a computer with installed graphic editors. Sometimes a scanner will be needed. For example, when a client brings a photograph and orders it to be transferred to fabric.

Stage 3. Raw materials

The described business requires three types of raw materials:

• T-shirts;
• mugs;
• dye.

When purchasing T-shirts, pay attention to the quality of the fabric from which they are made. Important qualities are the density and type of yarn. For sublimation (the most popular) printing, combed and carded fabric is used.

The density of T-shirts is determined in grams per meter. The denser the fabric, the more expensive it is. T-shirts for promotions do not need a lot of density. If you are going to sell products that need to be worn for a long time, then choose a density of 150-180 grams per meter.

It is advisable to choose a T-shirt made from combed yarn. Unlike carded, it allows for more uniformity and strength of the fibers.

Print transfer mugs can be glass or ceramic. Their main difference from ordinary mugs is the presence of a polymer coating, which promotes high-quality image transfer. When choosing such blanks, pay attention to a smooth surface without chips. A machine for printing on mugs will be able to transfer a design efficiently only if the surface is uniform and even.

An important raw material for image transfer is paint. If you choose sublimation printing, it uses dye that must turn from a liquid into a gas. This happens when the printer heats up to a temperature of 180 - 200 degrees. Thanks to its finely dispersed structure, this paint is capable of creating a bright and durable print.

Online store

This point requires special attention. The business plan assumes that the bulk of product sales will occur through an online store. Therefore, we will consider the costs of creating and maintaining the service separately.

Where to begin?

Not a single type of entrepreneurial activity at the stage of idea generation can be completed without drawing up a business plan. It can be painted either independently or with the help of a competent specialist. All points of the plan must be strictly followed in order to avoid unexpected expenses and meet the planned payback period of the project.

The main stages of a business plan for unusual T-shirt printing are:

1. Going through formal registration procedures to legalize your own business before the state.
2. Selecting suitable premises both for a store (if you plan to open) and for production needs.
3. Department of premises in accordance with production and administrative needs.
4. Recruitment. To start your business, it will be enough to hire 2 specialists who will be directly involved in printing on T-shirts and a technical employee. At an early stage, administrative work, combining the functions of an accountant, marketer, T-shirt sales and secretary, can be done independently.
5. Purchase, installation and debugging of equipment, setting up good lighting and Internet.
6. Purchase of necessary consumables.
7. Creating an online store for which selling and advertising T-shirts are the main tasks .

Calculations given in the business plan in accordance with the price level for unusual T-shirts and T-shirts in the region, as well as the estimated amount of costs incurred, will help determine the approximate profitability and payback period of the project.

Technical equipment

There is always an opportunity to save up to 20-30% if you buy equipment on the secondary market.

Staff who will help you do your T-shirt business

You can start a business printing pictures on T-shirts yourself. You don't need to hire staff for this. If in the first months a flow of clients appears and the business begins to generate income, then you can then think about expanding its scale. Here you will need to hire one assistant who will communicate with clients and a worker at the printing press. On average, their salary at first can be 10-15 thousand rubles, with the prospect of increasing the rate relative to the level of sales.

Consumables

This business requires certain monthly material costs. Sometimes clients can bring their own T-shirt or jacket for printing, but you should not follow their lead, since the quality of the print will depend on the material. It is better to print on proven fabrics and not risk your own reputation. The purchase will look like this:

In the future, the structure of purchased consumables may change depending on market demand.

Choosing a place

In order for the business to start paying off as quickly as possible, you need to choose the right location for your enterprise. It is clear that the more crowded this place is, the better. If you are located in a popular shopping center, people will learn about you faster even without additional promotion. Proximity to hotels and favorite tourist spots gives good results.

You don't need a large room. Designate a corner for your T-shirt printing equipment. Set up a table. Organize a space for receiving visitors. This will make it easier for you to accept orders. Keep the necessary supplies on hand. The rest of the raw materials can be kept at home. In the future, as your enterprise grows, you will begin to think about allocating space for a warehouse and increasing technical equipment.

State

For the normal functioning of production and the store, two people will be enough. However, this is possible if the business owner himself does the accounting and provides the employees with consumables. In order not to hire a full-time cleaner, you can enter into an agreement with a cleaning company. This costs about 10 thousand rubles per month. In addition, for better implementation, you can hire a designer on a remote basis. It can draw unique logos and images. Depending on the amount of work, his salary can reach up to 20,000 rubles.

The monthly wage fund will be 134,160 rubles.

Which tax system to choose for the business of printing on T-shirts and mugs

To carry out a “legitimate” business, it is enough to register an individual business with the local tax office. The registration period will take no more than 5 working days from the date of submission of documents. The price of the issue is 800 rubles of state duty. As a taxation system, you can choose between a simplified system (STS), a single tax on imputed income (UTII) or a patent. Special data tax regimes will save you from paying income tax, property tax and VAT. The tax burden itself will not be significant.

Marketing

In order for sales to go uphill, you need to decide on the target audience. Sweatshirts and T-shirts with prints are popular among people from 16 to 30 years old. The average number of T-shirts in the closet of a girl in this age category is 12, and that of a young man is 15. By attracting one client, you can order up to 5 T-shirts or warm sweaters. In this case, you can refuse face-to-face promotion through the distribution of flyers and leaflets. You can advertise through electronic communication channels and radio. Let's calculate how much basic advertising activities will cost.

In addition to the proposed measures, you can make promotions in the first week after opening. Example – 30% discount on the second product. Further, fixed advertising costs will decrease.

T-shirts with logo

To expand the range of products, it is possible to produce products on which various images are applied. The production of T-shirts with a logo can be carried out using thermal transfer of the selected design. This method is quite fast. The design is transferred to fabric using a heat press. Blanks with images can be on paper or film.

The thermal transfer process is also used for screen printing or sublimation printing. At the same time, applying a logo to a T-shirt is greatly simplified.

There is also direct printing on textile products. To do this, you will need a special machine for the production of T-shirts. Despite the technological complexity, the cost of applying a pattern to knitwear with this method is much lower. This is especially true when producing a large batch of T-shirts.

You can also make a logo using embroidery. This process is carried out either directly on the product itself, or using an application.

In order to prepare a logo layout, it is best to contact a professional designer working in the field of textile graphics.

Amount of initial investment

Work schedule for launching T-shirt printing production

Let us note that T-shirts with prints will be in particular demand in the spring and autumn, so it is better to start work on opening production in January and open the store at the end of April, at the peak of the season. In 4 months it is quite possible to reach the designed capacity.

Necessary equipment

To make a profit, the entire process of producing knitwear products must be optimized as much as possible. In this case, you will need to purchase equipment for the production of T-shirts, as well as machines that produce raw materials. They can serve as devices for twisting threads.

To carry out this process, a ring twisting machine is used. The Chinese-made model costs about 1,200 thousand rubles. Such a machine is capable of producing multilayer thread and is optimal for the production of T-shirts. The twisting machine makes the raw material into a three-layer structure, which can significantly increase the density of the web. The fibers for such threads can be either artificial or natural.

T-shirt production equipment must include a knitting machine. Such equipment from a Chinese manufacturer will cost four hundred thousand rubles. When organizing a sewing workshop employing ten people, you will need eight universal single-needle machines. Equipment for the production of T-shirts must also include two overlockers. Additionally, the workshop must be equipped with a cutting knife and tables designed for the conveyor nature of the work.

Financial indicators

Before calculating profitability, let’s consider all expense items:

• Payment of rent, utilities and communication services – 25,000 rubles.
• Salary (including deductions) – 134,160 rubles.
• Consumables and supplies – 200,050 rubles.
• Marketing – 60,000 rubles.
• Taxes – about 7,500 rubles.
• Unforeseen expenses - 10,000 rubles.

Total monthly expenses will be 436,710 rubles.

The largest share in the structure of expenses is occupied by inventories (46%), wages fund (31%) and advertising (14%).

Income will come from the sale of T-shirts and sweatshirts, regardless of size. The average market cost of a T-shirt with a printed design is 1,000 rubles, the cost of a sweatshirt is 1,800 rubles. It takes from 10 to 25 minutes to make 1 T-shirt. You can produce 20 T-shirts and 4 sweatshirts per day. Per month – 420 T-shirts and 84 sweatshirts. Taking into account the three percent defect rate, which cannot be avoided during production, we get 407 T-shirts and 81 sweatshirts. Monthly revenue will be 552,800 rubles, and profit will be 116,090 rubles. When reaching design capacity, the profitability is 21%. However, to reach full capacity it is necessary to have established, uninterrupted production. In addition, the assortment will vary from month to month. In the summer, customers will order more T-shirts and T-shirts, and in the cold season, warm sweaters will dominate. However, with an average structure, it will be possible to recoup the initial investment in 14 months.

Benchmarks:

• Start of work to launch the project: January 2020.
• Start of production: April 2020.
• Reaching operational break-even: June 2020.
• Estimated income: August 2020.
• Production payback period: October 2020.

Financial component of business

The demand for this type of product will always exist. T-shirts, even made from top-quality materials, wear out over time, and fashion for a particular color, style or cut can change every year. Therefore, a T-shirt business will always bring a stable income, but at first it will not be easy to attract the interest of a buyer.

Cost of opening and maintaining

The cost of starting this type of business will consist of the following expenses:

1. Purchase of equipment - 3.3 million rubles.
2. Rent of premises - 50,000 rubles.
3. Salary to employees is 300,000 rubles.
4. Purchase of raw materials - 300,000 rubles.

It will take at least 3.9 million rubles to open and operate the workshop for 1 month. In the future, maintaining the business and keeping the enterprise fully loaded with work will require a monthly investment of at least 850,000 rubles.

Amount of future income

Income from a T-shirt factory can amount to millions of rubles a month, but such a profit is only possible if large-scale production is opened and sales are established in large chain stores. A small workshop can generate up to 1.5 million rubles in revenue per month, but only half of this amount will be net profit. When selling T-shirts at a price of 800 rubles, about a third of this cost will be the markup of the selling organization. The manufacturer will receive about 500 rubles, so monthly revenue of 1.5 million rubles is possible only if at least 100 T-shirts are produced daily. Production volumes should be expanded if real demand for manufactured products is identified. An increase in the level of production can be achieved not only by expanding the workshop, but also by opening additional production facilities in another area of ​​the city. In some cases, it is more expedient to transfer the work of the sewing workshop to work in 2 shifts.

Payback period

This type of production pays for itself within 6 months. During this time, sales channels for finished products and supplies of good quality raw materials at reasonable prices are being established, which allows for maximum optimization of costs, as a result of which the profitability of the sewing workshop will significantly increase.

The production of T-shirts can be started without a large number of hired personnel and equipment - many individual entrepreneurs produce small batches of goods, but make exclusive products of the highest quality, which not everyone can afford. A great business idea is to print images on T-shirts.